RNA Nanomedicine: Delivery Strategies and Applications

Delivery of RNA using nanomaterials has emerged as a new modality to expand therapeutic applications in biomedical research. However, the delivery of RNA presents unique challenges due to its susceptibility to degradation and the requirement for efficient intracellular delivery. The integration of n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The AAPS journal 2023-10, Vol.25 (6), p.95-95, Article 95
Main Authors: Byun, Junho, Wu, Yina, Park, Jinwon, Kim, Jung Suk, Li, Qiaoyun, Choi, Jaehyun, Shin, Namjo, Lan, Meng, Cai, Yu, Lee, Jaiwoo, Oh, Yu-Kyoung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical engineering
Biomedicine
Biotechnology
Genes
Health aspects
Lipids
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Messenger RNA
MicroRNA
Nanotechnology
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Pharmacy
Proteins
Recent Advances in Drug Delivery
Review Article-theme
Technology application
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Summary:Delivery of RNA using nanomaterials has emerged as a new modality to expand therapeutic applications in biomedical research. However, the delivery of RNA presents unique challenges due to its susceptibility to degradation and the requirement for efficient intracellular delivery. The integration of nanotechnologies with RNA delivery has addressed many of these challenges. In this review, we discuss different strategies employed in the design and development of nanomaterials for RNA delivery. We also highlight recent advances in the pharmaceutical applications of RNA delivered via nanomaterials. Various nanomaterials, such as lipids, polymers, peptides, nucleic acids, and inorganic nanomaterials, have been utilized for delivering functional RNAs, including messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering RNA, single guide RNA, and microRNA. Furthermore, the utilization of nanomaterials has expanded the applications of functional RNA as active pharmaceutical ingredients. For instance, the delivery of antigen-encoding mRNA using nanomaterials enables the transient expression of vaccine antigens, leading to immunogenicity and prevention against infectious diseases. Additionally, nanomaterial-mediated RNA delivery has been investigated for engineering cells to express exogenous functional proteins. Nanomaterials have also been employed for co-delivering single guide RNA and mRNA to facilitate gene editing of genetic diseases. Apart from the progress made in RNA medicine, we discuss the current challenges and future directions in this field.
ISSN:1550-7416
1550-7416
DOI:10.1208/s12248-023-00860-z