Short-term photodegradation of autochthonous and allochthonous dissolved organic matter in Lake Taihu, China

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2023-11, Vol.30 (52), p.111982-111994
• Main Authors: Liu, Yanan, Xue, Jingya, Gui, Zhifan, Zhang, Lu, Yao, Xiaolong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Absorption; Absorptivity; Ammonification; Anthropogenic factors; Aquatic environment; Aquatic plants; Aquatic Pollution; Aromaticity; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; China; Composition; Dissolved Organic Matter; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Fluorescence; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Groundwater; Humic Substances - analysis; Humification; Lakes; Lakes - chemistry; Luminous intensity; Nitrogen dioxide; Nutrient concentrations; Nutrient release; Nutrients; Organic Chemicals; Photobleaching; Photochemical reactions; Photochemicals; Photochemistry; Photodegradation; Photolysis; Research Article; Sewage; Spectrometry, Fluorescence - methods; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 1614-7499; 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30107-5

Photochemistry is one of the key processes that shape the quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic systems, yet the photoreactivity of DOM from different sources remains largely unclear. In this study, DOM from 10 typical autochthonous and allochthonous sources in Lake Taihu basin were exposed to simulated sunlight, and quantitative and compositional changes of the DOM were explored by measuring its UV–Visable absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Photochemical release of nutrients was also explored during the incubations. Results showed that, although DOM from most sources experienced photobleaching effects with decreased absorption coefficients at 254 nm ( a (254)) and fluorescence component intensities after light exposure, photochemical alterations of DOM linked to their original composition. Macrophyte-derived ( Potamogeton malaianus ) DOM, with the largest molecular size, showed increased a (254), humic- and protein-like fluorescence component (C1 and C2) abundances, and inorganic nutrient concentrations relative to dark controls, indicating photo-release of labile components. However, DOM with relatively higher aromaticity, e.g., from agricultural water and the lake, showed photobleaching effects and increased humification degree, probably due to the loss of aromatic components. Allochthonous anthropogenic DOM, e.g., from sewage, showed stronger photo-ammonification, likely relating to the fresh labile N-containing compositions. The form of inorganic nutrient releases during the DOM photolysis also varied with the original DOM sources. Macrophyte-derived DOM incubations showed larger photo-releases of NO 3 − and PO 4 3− , while NO 2 − dominated inorganic nutrient releases during groundwater DOM light incubations. Thus, this study concludes that the photoreactivity of DOM closely relates to its original composition and sources.