Modeling of highway stormwater runoff

Highways are stormwater intensive landuses since they are impervious and have high pollutant mass emissions from vehicular activity. Vehicle emissions include different pollutants such as heavy metals, oil and grease, particulates from sources such as fuels, brake pad wear and tire wear, and litter....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2005-09, Vol.348 (1), p.1-18
Main Authors: Kim, Lee-Hyung, Kayhanian, Masoud, Zoh, Kyung-Duk, Stenstrom, Michael K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Best management practice
California
Carbon - analysis
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Environmental Monitoring
Environmental Pollutants - analysis
Event mean concentration
Exact sciences and technology
First flush
Freshwater
Highway
Models, Theoretical
Natural water pollution
Nephelometry and Turbidimetry
Petroleum - analysis
Phosphorus - analysis
Pollution
Pollution, environment geology
Rain
Rainwaters, run off water and others
Stormwater
Washoff
Water Movements
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:Highways are stormwater intensive landuses since they are impervious and have high pollutant mass emissions from vehicular activity. Vehicle emissions include different pollutants such as heavy metals, oil and grease, particulates from sources such as fuels, brake pad wear and tire wear, and litter. To understand the magnitude and nature of the stormwater emissions, a 3-year study was conducted to quantify stormwater pollutant concentrations, mass emission rates, and the first flush of pollutants. Eight highway sites were monitored over 3 years for a large suite of pollutants. The monitoring protocol emphasized detecting the first flush and quantifying the event mean concentration. Grab and flow-weighted composite samples, rainfall, and runoff data were collected. A new runoff model with four parameters was developed that to describe the first flush of pollutants for a variety of rainfall and runoff conditions. The model was applied to more than 40 events for 8 pollutants, and the parameters were correlated to storm and site conditions, such as total runoff, antecedent dry days, and runoff coefficient. Improved definitions of first flush criteria are also presented.
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.063