Volume electron microscopy reconstruction uncovers a physical barrier that limits virus to phloem

Summary Most plant reoviruses are phloem‐limited, but the mechanism has remained unknown for more than half a century. Southern rice black‐streaked dwarf virus (Fijivirus, Reoviridae) causes phloem‐derived tumors, where its virions, genomes, and proteins accumulate, and it was used as a model to exp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The New phytologist 2024-01, Vol.241 (1), p.343-362
Main Authors: Lv, Mingfang, Dai, Yuanxing, Xie, Li, Guo, Jiansheng, Liao, Zhenfeng, Shang, Weina, Zhao, Xiaohuan, Hong, Jian, Zhang, Heng‐Mu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Barriers
Electron microscopy
flexible gateway (FL)
Genomes
Host plants
Neoplasms
Neoplasms - metabolism
Phloem
Phloem - metabolism
phloem limitation
plasmodesmal connection
Plasmodesmata
Sieve plates
size‐dependent physical barrier
Tumors
Virions
Viruses
virus‐induced tumors
Volume Electron Microscopy
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Summary:Summary Most plant reoviruses are phloem‐limited, but the mechanism has remained unknown for more than half a century. Southern rice black‐streaked dwarf virus (Fijivirus, Reoviridae) causes phloem‐derived tumors, where its virions, genomes, and proteins accumulate, and it was used as a model to explore how its host plant limits the virus within its phloem. High‐throughput volume electron microscopy revealed that only sieve plate pores and flexible gateways rather than plasmodesmata had a sufficiently large size exclusion limit (SEL) to accommodate virions and potentially serve as pathways of virion movement. The large SEL gateways were enriched within the proliferated sieve element (SE) layers of tumors. The lack of such connections out of the SE‐enriched regions of tumors defined a size‐dependent physical barrier to high flux transportation of virions. A working model is proposed to demonstrate the mechanism underlying limitation of virus within phloem.
ISSN:0028-646X
1469-8137
DOI:10.1111/nph.19319