The Effect of Sex, Maturity, and Training Status on Maximal Sprint Performance Kinetics

The development of sprint running during youth has received renewed interest, but questions remain regarding the development of speed in youth, especially the influences of sex, training, and maturity status. One hundred and forty-seven team sport trained (69 girls; 14.3 [2.1] y) and 113 untrained (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric exercise science 2024-05, Vol.36 (2), p.98-105
Main Authors: Runacres, Adam, Mackintosh, Kelly A, McNarry, Melitta A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Athletic Performance
Biomechanical Phenomena
Female
Humans
Kinetics
Male
Running
Team Sports
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Summary:The development of sprint running during youth has received renewed interest, but questions remain regarding the development of speed in youth, especially the influences of sex, training, and maturity status. One hundred and forty-seven team sport trained (69 girls; 14.3 [2.1] y) and 113 untrained (64 girls; 13.8 [2.7] y) youth completed two 30-m sprints separated by 2-minute active rest. Velocity was measured using a radar gun at >46 Hz, with power and force variables derived from a force-velocity-power profile. Boys produced a significantly higher absolute peak power (741 [272] vs 645 [229] W; P < .01) and force (431 [124] vs 398 [125] N; P < .01) than girls, irrespective of maturity and training status. However, there was a greater sex difference in relative mean power and peak velocity in circa peak height velocity adolescents (46.9% and 19.8%, respectively) compared with prepeak height velocity (5.4% and 3.2%) or postpeak height velocity youth (11.6% and 5.6%). Sprint development in youth is sexually dimorphic which needs considering when devising long-term training plans. Further research is needed to explore the independent, and combined, effects of sex, training, and maturity status on sprint performance kinetics in youth.
ISSN:0899-8493
1543-2920
DOI:10.1123/pes.2023-0009