A dynamical model for the extraplanar gas in spiral galaxies

ABSTRACT Recent H i observations reveal that the discs of spiral galaxies are surrounded by extended gaseous haloes. This extraplanar gas reaches large distances (several kiloparsecs) from the disc and shows peculiar kinematics (low rotation and inflow). We have modelled the extraplanar gas as a con...

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Published in:Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2006-02, Vol.366 (2), p.449-466
Main Authors: Fraternali, F., Binney, J. J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Astronomy
Comparative analysis
Earth, ocean, space
Exact sciences and technology
galaxies: evolution
galaxies: haloes
galaxies: individual: NGC 2403
galaxies: individual: NGC 891
galaxies: kinematics and dynamics
Gases
ISM: kinematics and dynamics
Kinematics
Stars & galaxies
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description ABSTRACT Recent H i observations reveal that the discs of spiral galaxies are surrounded by extended gaseous haloes. This extraplanar gas reaches large distances (several kiloparsecs) from the disc and shows peculiar kinematics (low rotation and inflow). We have modelled the extraplanar gas as a continuous flow of material from the disc of a spiral galaxy into its halo region. The output of our models is pseudo data cubes that can be directly compared to the H i data. We have applied these models to two spiral galaxies (NGC 891 and NGC 2403) known to have a substantial amount of extraplanar gas. Our models are able to reproduce accurately the vertical distribution of extraplanar gas for an energy input corresponding to a small fraction (
doi_str_mv 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09816.x
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However, they fail in two important aspects: (1) they do not reproduce the right gradient in rotation velocity; (2) they predict a general outflow of the extraplanar gas, contrary to what is observed. We show that neither of these difficulties can be removed if clouds are ionized and invisible at 21 cm as they leave the disc but become visible at some point on their orbits. We speculate that these failures indicate the need for accreted material from the intergalactic medium that could provide the low angular momentum and inflow required.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0035-8711</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2966</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09816.x</identifier><identifier>CODEN: MNRAA4</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>23 Ainslie Place , Edinburgh EH3 6AJ , UK . 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source EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Oxford Academic Journals (Open Access)
subjects Astronomy
Comparative analysis
Earth, ocean, space
Exact sciences and technology
galaxies: evolution
galaxies: haloes
galaxies: individual: NGC 2403
galaxies: individual: NGC 891
galaxies: kinematics and dynamics
Gases
ISM: kinematics and dynamics
Kinematics
Stars & galaxies
title A dynamical model for the extraplanar gas in spiral galaxies
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