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Water chemistry in areas with high deposition of fluoride
Water chemistry in streams draining the areas around aluminum-smelters (Al-smelters) at Øvre Årdal and Sunndalsøra, western Norway were investigated to study the effect on water chemistry after 40 years of fluoride emission. Fluoride concentrations in streams close to the Al-smelters were ∼ 10 times...
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Published in: | The Science of the total environment 1994-01, Vol.152 (2), p.105-112 |
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Main Author: | |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Water chemistry in streams draining the areas around aluminum-smelters (Al-smelters) at Øvre Årdal and Sunndalsøra, western Norway were investigated to study the effect on water chemistry after 40 years of fluoride emission. Fluoride concentrations in streams close to the Al-smelters were ∼ 10 times higher than natural background concentrations and decrease within 5 km to levels typical for Norwegian waters. Despite the high fluoride levels close to the Al-smelters, the concentrations are still within the general range of fluoride concentrations in Norwegian surface waters. Fluoride in waters near Øvre Årdal or Sunndalsøra cannot be regarded as an environmental problem. The elevated fluoride concentrations were not accompanied by changes in the concentrations of other components, but the concentrations of the aluminum species were influenced by the elevated fluoride concentrations. Surface waters are not sensitive to changes in fluoride loading because of the strong retention of fluoride in soils. |
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ISSN: | 0048-9697 1879-1026 |
DOI: | 10.1016/0048-9697(94)90489-8 |