A Dexamethasone-Loaded Polymeric Electrospun Construct as a Tubular Cardiovascular Implant

Cardiovascular tissue engineering is providing many solutions to cardiovascular diseases. The complex disease demands necessitating tissue-engineered constructs with enhanced functionality. In this study, we are presenting the production of a dexamethasone (DEX)-loaded electrospun tubular polymeric...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymers 2023-11, Vol.15 (21), p.4332
Main Authors: Kyriakou, Stavroula, Acosta, Sergio, El Maachi, Ikram, Rütten, Stephan, Jockenhoevel, Stefan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Cardiomyocytes
Cytotoxicity
Dexamethasone
Electrospinning
Endothelial cells
Fibrin
Gels
Heart
Heart cells
Humidity
Identification and classification
Immunohistochemistry
Investigations
Lactic acid
Muscles
Pacemakers
Pediatrics
Polymers
Properties
Scanning electron microscopy
Smooth muscle
Solvents
Stem cells
Tissue engineering
Toxicity
Transplants & implants
Veins & arteries
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Summary:Cardiovascular tissue engineering is providing many solutions to cardiovascular diseases. The complex disease demands necessitating tissue-engineered constructs with enhanced functionality. In this study, we are presenting the production of a dexamethasone (DEX)-loaded electrospun tubular polymeric poly(l-lactide) (PLA) or poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) construct which contains iPSC-CMs (induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes), HUVSMCs (human umbilical vein smooth muscle cells), and HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) embedded in fibrin gel. The electrospun tube diameter was calculated, as well as the DEX release for 50 days for 2 different DEX concentrations. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of the polymer composition and concentration on the function of the fibrin gels by imaging and quantification of CD31, alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), collagen I (col I), sarcomeric alpha actinin (SAA), and Connexin 43 (Cx43). We evaluated the cytotoxicity and cell proliferation of HUVECs and HUVSMCs cultivated in PLA and PLGA polymeric sheets. The immunohistochemistry results showed efficient iPSC-CM marker expression, while the HUVEC toxicity was higher than the respective HUVSMC value. In total, our study emphasizes the combination of fibrin gel and electrospinning in a functionalized construct, which includes three cell types and provides useful insights of the DEX release and cytotoxicity in a tissue engineering perspective.
ISSN:2073-4360
2073-4360
DOI:10.3390/polym15214332