Nano-Needle Boron-Doped Diamond Film with High Electrochemical Performance of Detecting Lead Ions

• Published in: Materials 2023-11, Vol.16 (21), p.6986
• Main Authors: Yuan, Xiaoxi, Yang, Mingchao, Wang, Xu, Zhu, Yongfu, Yang, Feng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anodic stripping; Boron; Carbon; Chemical vapor deposition; Corrosion and anti-corrosives; Diamond films; Diamonds; Drinking water; Electric fields; Electrical resistivity; Electrochemical analysis; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Electrochemistry; Electrodes; Electrons; Etching equipment; Finite element method; Heavy metals; High temperature; Investigations; Lead; Morphology; Numerical methods; Plasma etching; Potassium; Raman spectroscopy; Scientific imaging; Sensors; Silicon wafers; Voltammetry; Work stations
• ISSN: 1996-1944; 1996-1944
• DOI: 10.3390/ma16216986

Nano-needle boron-doped diamond (NNBDD) films increase their performance when used as electrodes in the determination of Pb2+. We develop a simple and economical route to produce NNBDD based on the investigation of the diamond growth mode and the ratio of diamond to non-diamond carbon without involving any templates. An enhancement in surface area is achievable for NNBDD film. The NNBDD electrodes are characterized through scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). Furthermore, we use a finite-element numerical method to research the prospects of tip-enhanced electric fields for sensitive detection at low Pb2+ concentrations. The NNBDD exhibits significant advantages and great electrical conductivity and is applied to detect trace Pb2+ through DPASV. Under pre-deposition accumulation conditions, a wide linear range from 1 to 80 µgL−1 is achieved. A superior detection limit of 0.32 µgL−1 is achieved for Pb2+, which indicates great potential for the sensitive detection of heavy metal ions.