Deep‐Ultraviolet Transparent Mixed Metal Sulfamates with Enhanced Nonlinear Optical Properties and Birefringence

• Published in: Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2024-01, Vol.63 (5), p.e202315434-n/a
• Main Authors: Wang, Xuefei, Leng, Xudong, Kuk, Yunseung, Lee, Jihyun, Jing, Qun, Ok, Kang Min
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alkali metals; Alkaline earth metals; Anisotropy; Birefringence; Cations; Deep-Ultraviolet; Dipole Moment; Dipole moments; Magnesium; Mixed Cations; Nonlinear Optical Materials; Nonlinear optics; Optical properties; Potassium phosphate; Potassium phosphates; Second harmonic generation; Sulfamate; Tetrahedra
• ISSN: 1433-7851; 1521-3773
• DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315434

Enhancing anisotropy through the controlled arrangement of anionic groups is essential for improving the nonlinear optical (NLO) performance of non‐π‐conjugated NLO materials. In this study, we present the successful synthesis of the first examples of mixed alkali metal‐alkaline earth metal sulfamate materials, including noncentrosymmetric Cs2Mg(NH2SO3)4 ⋅ 4H2O (1), as well as centrosymmetric K2Ca(NH2SO3)4 (2) and Rb2Ca(NH2SO3)4 (3). All three compounds feature promising deep ultraviolet cut‐off edges, notably 1 with a cut‐off edge below 180 nm. The synergy of Cs+ and Mg2+ cations in 1 facilitated the successful alignment of polar [NH2SO3] tetrahedra in a uniform orientation. Remarkably, 1 stands as the sole instance among reported sulfamate compounds with a co‐parallel anionic arrangement, yielding a very large dipole moment compared to other non‐π‐conjugated NLO materials. Moreover, the substantial dipole moment of 1 yields an enhanced second harmonic generation response, approximately 2.3 times that of KH2PO4, and a large birefringence of 0.054 at 546.1 nm. The approach of regulating the arrangement of anionic groups using aliovalent cations holds promise for advancing the exploration of non‐π‐conjugated NLO materials. The first example of mixed alkali metal‐alkaline earth metal sulfamate, Cs2Mg(NH2SO3)4 ⋅ 4H2O, with the consistent‐orientation‐alignment of polar [NH2SO3] tetrahedra exhibits an exceptionally large dipole moment, yielding a wide deep‐UV transparent window, an enhanced SHG response of ca. 2.3 times that of KDP, and a suited birefringence of 0.054 at 546.1 nm.