Frailty and Humoral Immune Responses Following COVID-19 Vaccination among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Background Patients with end-stage kidney disease who are undergoing dialysis have reduced immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination. Frailty is extremely common among dialysis patients and may contribute to the impaired immunogenicity. This study aimed to determine the association between frailty an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of nutrition, health & aging health & aging, 2023-11, Vol.27 (11), p.980-986
Main Authors: Lin, T.-Y., Hung, Szu-Chun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Antibodies
Cardiovascular disease
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19
COVID-19 - prevention & control
COVID-19 Vaccines
Female
Frailty
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Hemodialysis
Humans
Immunity, Humoral
Immunization
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neurosciences
Nutrition
Original Research
Primary Care Medicine
Quality of Life Research
Renal Dialysis
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccination
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Summary:Background Patients with end-stage kidney disease who are undergoing dialysis have reduced immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination. Frailty is extremely common among dialysis patients and may contribute to the impaired immunogenicity. This study aimed to determine the association between frailty and humoral immune responses following COVID-19 vaccination in hemodialysis patients. Design, Setting, Participants Adult hemodialysis patients without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection who received a priming dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, an adenovirus-vectored vaccine, were assessed for eligibility. Participants were categorized as robust, pre-frail, or frail using the Fried frailty criteria. Humoral responses were assessed 28 days after vaccination by measuring titers of anti-spike IgG antibodies. The primary outcome was anti-spike antibody seroconversion, defined as antibody levels ≥50 AU/mL. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the association between frailty status and the primary outcome. Results A total of 206 participants (mean age 67 ± 13 years, 50% women) were included in the study, of whom 50 (24%) were characterized as frail, 86 (42%) were characterized as pre-frail, and 70 (34%) were characterized as robust. Anti-spike antibody levels were progressively lower with more advanced stages of frailty (P
ISSN:1279-7707
1760-4788
DOI:10.1007/s12603-023-1994-x