Workability of mRNA Sequencing for Predicting Protein Abundance

Transcriptomics methods (RNA-Seq, PCR) today are more routine and reproducible than proteomics methods, i.e., both mass spectrometry and immunochemical analysis. For this reason, most scientific studies are limited to assessing the level of mRNA content. At the same time, protein content (and its po...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genes 2023-11, Vol.14 (11), p.2065
Main Authors: Ponomarenko, Elena A, Krasnov, George S, Kiseleva, Olga I, Kryukova, Polina A, Arzumanian, Viktoriia A, Dolgalev, Georgii V, Ilgisonis, Ekaterina V, Lisitsa, Andrey V, Poverennaya, Ekaterina V
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Analysis
Correlation analysis
DNA methylation
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling
Genes
Localization
Mass spectroscopy
Messenger RNA
Molecular biology
Peptides
Post-translation
Protein structure
Proteins
Proteome - genetics
Proteomes
Proteomics
Proteomics - methods
Ribosomes
RNA sequencing
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
Secondary structure
Transcriptome - genetics
Transcriptomes
Transcriptomics
Transfer RNA
tRNA
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Summary:Transcriptomics methods (RNA-Seq, PCR) today are more routine and reproducible than proteomics methods, i.e., both mass spectrometry and immunochemical analysis. For this reason, most scientific studies are limited to assessing the level of mRNA content. At the same time, protein content (and its post-translational status) largely determines the cell's state and behavior. Such a forced extrapolation of conclusions from the transcriptome to the proteome often seems unjustified. The ratios of "transcript-protein" pairs can vary by several orders of magnitude for different genes. As a rule, the correlation coefficient between transcriptome-proteome levels for different tissues does not exceed 0.3-0.5. Several characteristics determine the ratio between the content of mRNA and protein: among them, the rate of movement of the ribosome along the mRNA and the number of free ribosomes in the cell, the availability of tRNA, the secondary structure, and the localization of the transcript. The technical features of the experimental methods also significantly influence the levels of the transcript and protein of the corresponding gene on the outcome of the comparison. Given the above biological features and the performance of experimental and bioinformatic approaches, one may develop various models to predict proteomic profiles based on transcriptomic data. This review is devoted to the ability of RNA sequencing methods for protein abundance prediction.
ISSN:2073-4425
2073-4425
DOI:10.3390/genes14112065