Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a tool for cognitive enhancement in healthy adults: a review study

As human beings, we have always sought to expand on our abilities, including our cognitive and motor skills. One of the still-underrated tools employed to this end is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Until recently, rTMS was almost exclusively used in studies with rehabilitation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical & biological engineering & computing 2024-03, Vol.62 (3), p.653-673
Main Authors: Asgarinejad, Mostafa, Saviz, Marzieh, Sadjadi, Seyyed Mostafa, Saliminia, Sarah, Kakaei, Amineh, Esmaeili, Peyman, Hammoud, Ahmad, Ebrahimzadeh, Elias, Soltanian-Zadeh, Hamid
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biomedicine
Brain
Cognition
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
Computational neuroscience
Computer Applications
Decision making
Electroencephalography - methods
Firefighters
Human Physiology
Humans
Imaging
Impulsive behavior
Magnetic fields
Memory
Motor skill
Prefrontal cortex
Prefrontal Cortex - physiology
Radiology
Rehabilitation
Review Article
Risk management
Risk taking
Short term memory
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - methods
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:As human beings, we have always sought to expand on our abilities, including our cognitive and motor skills. One of the still-underrated tools employed to this end is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Until recently, rTMS was almost exclusively used in studies with rehabilitation purposes. Only a small strand of literature has focused on the application of rTMS on healthy people with the aim of enhancing cognitive abilities such as decision-making, working memory, attention, source memory, cognitive control, learning, computational speed, risk-taking, and impulsive behaviors. It, therefore, seems that the findings in this particular field are the indirect results of rehabilitation research. In this review paper, we have set to investigate such studies and evaluate the rTMS effectuality in terms of how it improves the cognitive skills in healthy subjects. Furthermore, since the most common brain site used for rTMS protocols is the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), we have added theta burst stimulation (TBS) wave patterns that are similar to brain patterns to increase the effectiveness of this method. The results of this study can help people who have high-risk jobs including firefighters, surgeons, and military officers with their job performance. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:0140-0118
1741-0444
DOI:10.1007/s11517-023-02968-y