Infrared Interferometric Measurements of the Near-Surface Air Temperature over the Oceans

The radiometric measurement of the marine air temperature using a Fourier transform infrared spectroradiometer is described. The measurements are taken by the Marine-Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (M-AERI) that has been deployed on many research ships in a wide range of conditions. This...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology 2005-07, Vol.22 (7), p.1019-1032
Main Authors: Minnett, P J, Maillet, K A, Hanafin, J A, Osborne, B J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air temperature
Fourier transforms
Heating
Infrared radiation
Marine
Oceans
Radiometry
Surface temperature
Temperature
Urban heat islands
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Summary:The radiometric measurement of the marine air temperature using a Fourier transform infrared spectroradiometer is described. The measurements are taken by the Marine-Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (M-AERI) that has been deployed on many research ships in a wide range of conditions. This approach is inherently more accurate than conventional techniques and can be used to determine some of the error characteristics of the standard measurements. Examples are given from several cruises ranging from the Arctic to the equatorial Pacific Oceans. It is shown that the diurnal heating signal in radiometric air temperatures in the tropical Pacific can typically reach an amplitude of 615% of that measured by conventional sensors. Conventional data have long been recognized as being contaminated by direct solar heating and heat island effects of the ships or buoys on which they are mounted, but here this effect is quantified by comparisons with radiometric measurements.
ISSN:0739-0572
1520-0426
DOI:10.1175/JTECH1756.1