Omega-3 supplementation effects on cardiovascular risk and inflammatory profile in chronic kidney disease patients in hemodialysis treatment: An intervention study

• Published in: Clinical nutrition ESPEN 2023-12, Vol.58, p.144-151
• Main Authors: de Lima, Kétlyn, Mazur, Caryna Eurich, Vicente Cavagnari, Mariana Abe, Castilho, Aline Jabur, Schiessel, Dalton Luiz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: C-Reactive protein; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Dietary Supplements - adverse effects; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Inflammation; Nutritional assessment; Nutritional Status; Nutritional supplements; Renal Dialysis - adverse effects; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - therapy; Risk Factors
• ISSN: 2405-4577; 2405-4577
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.09.914

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is characterized by slow, progressive, and irreversible kidney function loss and the disease itself and hemodialysis treatment can predispose an inflammatory state that increased cardiovascular complications, being one of major mortality causes in kidney patients. The study purpose was to evaluate nutritional profile and impacts of w-3 fatty acid supplementation on inflammatory parameters and cardiovascular events risk in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Non-randomized clinical trial, patients with CKD were randomly grouped into a control (n = 29) and supplemented (n = 30) group. Supplemented group patients were instructed to consume two w-3 capsules a day (2g/day) for 8 weeks for further analysis of pre- and post-supplementation C-reactive protein (CRP) and other blood parameters. To nutritional status assessment, anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance data were measured, carried out close to supplementation start. 59 patients were evaluated, 49.1% (n = 29) were overweight and 70.7% (n = 41) had high percentage of body fat. Comparing control versus supplemented groups after supplementation serum CRP levels have reduced, no differences were observed (p = 0.716) nevertheless there was reduction in cardiovascular events risk according to C-reactive protein classification (p = 0.004). Ferritin levels have improved in all groups. Changes in the levels of other biochemical markers hemoglobin, hematocrit, urea, creatinine, and Kt/v have happened. However, group that received w-3 showed an improvement in serum albumin levels (p = 0.014), in addition to demonstrating greater adequacy classification of albumin after supplementation (p = 0.022). Omega-3 supplementation have caused an improvement in albumin plasma levels suitableness in Chronic Kidney Disease patients, however, it did not demonstrate statistical effects to reducing CRP levels, although this helped to reduce cardiovascular risk.