Effects of 4G mobile phone radiation exposure on reproductive, hepatic, renal, and hematological parameters of male Wistar rat

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international 2024-01, Vol.31 (3), p.4384-4399
• Main Authors: Gautam, Rohit, Pardhiya, Sonali, Nirala, Jay Prakash, Sarsaiya, Priyanka, Rajamani, Paulraj
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 4G mobile communication; Animals; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; blood; Cell Phone; Cell phones; Cell size; Cellular telephones; Chronic exposure; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Epididymis; Erythrocytes; hematocrit; Hematology; Hemoglobin; Histology; Histopathology; Humans; Kidney; Kidneys; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Liver; Male; Male reproductive system; Males; mitochondria; mobile telephones; Oxidative Stress - radiation effects; Parameters; Peroxidation; Radiation; Radiation effects; Radiation Exposure; Radio frequency; radio waves; Rats; Rats, Wistar; renal function; Reproductive organs; Reproductive system; Research Article; Semen; Seminal vesicle; seminal vesicles; Sperm; spermatozoa; Spermatozoa - pathology; Testes; Testis - metabolism; Testosterone; viability; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control
• ISSN: 1614-7499; 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31367-x

Background and objective Mobile phones have become a vital part of human life. Due to drastic increase in the number of mobile phone subscribers, exposure to radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted from these phones has increased dramatically. Hence, the effect of RFR on humans is an area of concern. This study was performed to determine the impact of 4G mobile phone radiation on the male reproductive system, liver, kidney, and hematological parameters. Methods Seventy-day-old Wistar rats were exposed to 4G radiation (2350 MHz for 2 h/day for 56 days). Sperm parameters such as sperm count, viability, sperm head morphology, mitochondrial activity, total antioxidant activity, and lipid peroxidation of sperm were evaluated. Histopathology of the testis, prostate, epididymis, seminal vesicle, liver, and kidney was carried out. Complete blood count, liver and kidney function tests, and testosterone hormone analysis were done. Results At the end of the experiment, results showed a significant ( p