Extracellular Vesicles: Biological Packages That Modulate Tumor Cell Invasion

Tumor progression, from early-stage invasion to the formation of distal metastases, relies on the capacity of tumor cells to modify the extracellular matrix (ECM) and communicate with the surrounding stroma. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide an important means to regulate cell invasion due to the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2023-11, Vol.15 (23), p.5617
Main Authors: Schmidtmann, Madison, D'Souza-Schorey, Crislyn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biosynthesis
Blood vessels
Cancer
Cell interactions
Cells
Collagen
Communication
Degradation
Extracellular matrix
Extracellular vesicles
Fibroblasts
Fibrosarcoma
Membrane vesicles
Metastases
Metastasis
Paracrine signalling
Proteases
Proteins
Proteolysis
Stromal cells
Tumor cells
Tumor microenvironment
Tumors
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Summary:Tumor progression, from early-stage invasion to the formation of distal metastases, relies on the capacity of tumor cells to modify the extracellular matrix (ECM) and communicate with the surrounding stroma. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide an important means to regulate cell invasion due to the selective inclusion of cargoes such as proteases and matrix proteins into EVs that can degrade or modify the ECM. EVs have also been shown to facilitate intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment through paracrine signaling, which can impact ECM invasion by cancer cells. Here, we describe the current knowledge of EVs as facilitators of tumor invasion by virtue of their effects on proteolytic degradation and modification of the ECM, their ability to educate the stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, and their role as mediators of long-range communication aiding in cell invasion and matrix remodeling at secondary sites.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers15235617