Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in glioblastoma

• Published in: Clinica chimica acta 2024-01, Vol.553, p.117705-117705, Article 117705
• Main Authors: Fattahi, Mehdi, Alamdari-palangi, Vahab, Rahimi Jaberi, Khojaste, Ehtiati, Sajad, Ojaghi, Sara, Rahimi-Jaberi, Abbas, Samavarchi Tehrani, Sadra, Dang, Phuyen, Movahedpour, Ahmad, Hossein Khatami, Seyyed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Biomarker; Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics; Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism; Brain Neoplasms - diagnosis; Brain Neoplasms - genetics; Brain Neoplasms - pathology; Diagnosis; Exosomal; GBM; Glioblastoma - diagnosis; Glioblastoma - genetics; Glioblastoma - pathology; Humans; lncRNAs; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis; RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics; RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism; Treatment
• ISSN: 0009-8981; 1873-3492
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117705

•Exosomes have been associated with the tumorigenesis, proliferation, metastasis, and colonization of glioblastoma cancer.•Exosomes contain DNA lncRNAs, a type of non-coding RNAs that have attracted extensive attention due to their various regulatory functions in cancer cells.•Exosomal lncRNAs) has significant roles in cancer metastasis, cancer development, and drug resistance in glioblastoma cancer.•Exosomal lncRNAs can be used as novel prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers and as therapeutic targets in the treatment of glioblastoma cancer. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent primary tumor found in the central nervous system, accounting for 70% of all adult brain tumors. The median overall survival rate is one year post-diagnosis with treatment, and only four months without treatment. Current GBM diagnostic methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), surgery, and brain biopsies, have limitations. These include difficulty distinguishing between tumor recurrence and post-surgical necrotic regions, and operative risks associated with obtaining histological samples through direct surgery or biopsies. Consequently, there is a need for rapid, inexpensive, and minimally invasive techniques for early diagnosis and improved subsequent treatment. Research has shown that tumor-derived exosomes containing various long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical regulatory roles in immunomodulation, cancer metastasis, cancer development, and drug resistance in GBM. They regulate genes that enhance cancer growth and progression and alter the expression of several key signaling pathways. Due to the specificity and sensitivity of exosomal lncRNAs, they have the potential to be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, as well as to monitor a patient’s response to chemotherapy for GBM. In this review, we discuss the role of exosomal lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of GBM and their potential clinical applications for early diagnosis.