Increased concentration of PAH derivatives in biochar-amended soil observed in a long-term experiment

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials 2024-03, Vol.465, p.133159, Article 133159
• Main Authors: Krzyszczak-Turczyn, Agnieszka, Dybowski, Michał P., Kończak, Magdalena, Oleszczuk, Patryk, Czech, Bożena
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bioavailability; Biochar-amended soil; PAH derivatives; PAHs; Soil
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133159

During biochar preparation or application some toxic substances may be formed. The established limitations of the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) aim to monitor the fate of PAHs in the life cycle of biochar. The latest studies have revealed that besides PAHs, some of their derivatives with confirmed toxicity are formed. There has been no policy regards PAH derivatives in biochar yet. The aim of the presented studies was the estimation the changes in the content of PAHs and their derivatives during the agricultural application of biochar. A pot experiment with grass revealed that in a short time, both the content of PAHs and their derivatives was reduced. Similarly, when biochar was added to soil in a long-term experiment, the content of determined derivatives was below the limit of detection, whereas interestingly, the content of pristine PAHs increased with time. Co-addition of biochar and sewage sludge increased the content of PAHs and their derivatives indicating potential environmental hazard due to their presence. However, the key point is the estimation of the bioavailability of PAHs and their derivatives as only the bioavailable fraction is revealing the environmental hazard. [Display omitted] •The fate of PAH derivatives in biochar-amended soil was monitored.•In pot experiment the content of PAHs and their derivatives was reduced.•In long-term field experiment PAHs persistence was confirmed.•In biochar-amended soil the content of PAH derivatives was lowered.•Co-addition of sewage sludge and biochar increased PAHs and their derivatives in soil.