Leptospiral Uveitis: Case Series and Review of Literature

• Published in: Ocular immunology and inflammation 2024-09, Vol.32 (8), p.1-1768
• Main Authors: Baharani, Abhilasha, Reddy P, Raja Rami
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0927-3948; 1744-5078; 1744-5078
• DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2296037

To present the clinical features and review of literature of leptospiral uveitis. We present clinical features of patients with leptospiral uveitis with positive Leptospira IgM antibodies. Twenty-six eyes of 24 patients, 11 males (45.8%), were included. The mean age was 37.5 ± 15.6 years. 91.7% had unilateral uveitis, 88.5% panuveitis, 11.5% anterior uveitis, 15.4% had hypopyon, 8% had cataract and 3.8% eyes had cystoid macular edema. Vitritis with characteristic vitreous membranes was an important feature. Retinal and choroidal vasculature were preserved on swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography. Mean presenting BCVA was logMAR0.49 ± 0.41, while final BCVA was logMAR0.04 ± 0.13. The mean duration for complete resolution of uveitis was 39.1 ± 15.5 days. 84.6% eyes achieved BCVA 6/6. Leptospiral uveitis is an under-reported entity. It may present as anterior uveitis or panuveitis. It must be included in the differential diagnosis of non-granulomatous uveitis. The visual prognosis is usually favorable even in severe cases.