Drug Responses in Plexiform Neurofibroma Type I (PNF1) Cell Lines Using High-Throughput Data and Combined Effectiveness and Potency

• Published in: Cancers 2023-12, Vol.15 (24), p.5811
• Main Authors: Zamora, Paul O, Altay, Gabriel, Santamaria, Ulisses, Dwarshuis, Nathan, Donthi, Hari, Moon, Chang In, Bakalar, Dana, Zamora, Matthew
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AKT protein; Algorithms; Analysis; Datasets; Development and progression; Drug approval; Drug delivery; Drug development; Drug discovery; Drug dosages; Drug resistance; Drug screening; Drug therapy; Gene mutations; Genetic disorders; Heterozygosity; High-throughput screening; Kinases; Loss of heterozygosity; MAP kinase; Mutation; Neurofibromatosis; Neurofibromin 1; Patients; Pediatrics; Peripheral nerves; Plexiform neurofibroma; Recklinghausen's disease; Sibutramine; Tumor cells; Tumors; Verteporfin
• ISSN: 2072-6694; 2072-6694
• DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245811

: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder characterized by heterozygous germline gene mutations that predispose patients to developing plexiform neurofibromas, which are benign but often disfiguring tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath induced by loss of heterozygosity at the locus. These can progress to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). There are no approved drug treatments for adults with NF1-related inoperable plexiform neurofibromas, and only one drug (selumetinib), which is an FDA-approved targeted therapy for the treatment of symptomatic pediatric plexiform neurofibromas, highlighting the need for additional drug screening and development. In high-throughput screening, the effectiveness of drugs against cell lines is often assessed by measuring in vitro potency (AC50) or the area under the curve (AUC). However, the variability of dose-response curves across drugs and cell lines and the frequency of partial effectiveness suggest that these measures alone fail to provide a full picture of overall efficacy. : Using concentration-response data, we combined response effectiveness (EFF) and potency (AC50) into (a) a score characterizing the effect of a compound on a single cell line, = log[EFF/AC50], and (b) a relative score, , characterizing the relative difference between a reference (e.g., non-tumor) and test (tumor) cell line. was applied to data from high-throughput screening (HTS) of a drug panel tested on tumor cells, using immortalized non-tumor cells as a reference. : We identified drugs with sensitivity, targeting expected pathways, such as MAPK-ERK and PI3K-AKT, as well as serotonin-related targets, among others. The technique used here, in tandem with a supplemental web tool, simplifies HTS analysis and may provide a springboard for further investigations into drug response in NF1-related cancers. The tool may also prove useful for drug development in a variety of other cancers.