Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Pathogenic Role of Protease

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, and eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) is a subtype characterized by significant eosinophil infiltration and immune response by T-helper-2 cells. The pathogenesis of eCRS is heterogeneous and involves various environmental...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-12, Vol.24 (24), p.17372
Main Authors: Kim, Jaehyeong, Kwak, Sooun, Lee, Juhyun, Park, Il-Ho, Lee, Seung Hoon, Shin, Jae Min, Kim, Tae Hoon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergens
Biological products
Chronic Disease
Classification
Disease
Endopeptidases
Enzymes
Eosinophils
Humans
Hypersensitivity - pathology
Inflammation
Medical imaging
Medical research
Nose
Pathogenesis
Peptide Hydrolases
Pollutants
Polyps
Protease Inhibitors
Rhinitis - pathology
Rhinosinusitis
Sinuses
Sinusitis - pathology
Steroids
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Summary:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, and eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) is a subtype characterized by significant eosinophil infiltration and immune response by T-helper-2 cells. The pathogenesis of eCRS is heterogeneous and involves various environmental and host factors. Proteases from external sources, such as mites, fungi, and bacteria, have been implicated in inducing type 2 inflammatory reactions. The balance between these proteases and endogenous protease inhibitors (EPIs) is considered important, and their imbalance can potentially lead to type 2 inflammatory reactions, such as eCRS. In this review, we discuss various mechanisms by which exogenous proteases influence eCRS and highlight the emerging role of endogenous protease inhibitors in eCRS pathogenesis.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms242417372