Comparisons of choroidal blood flow velocity between initial-onset acute uveitis associated with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease and acute central serous chorioretinopathy

• Published in: Eye (London) 2024-05, Vol.38 (7), p.1269-1275
• Main Authors: Abu El-Asrar, Ahmed M., AlBloushi, Abdulrahman F., Abouammoh, Marwan A., Alzubaidi, Abdullah, Gikandi, Priscilla W., Al Faran, Abdulrahman, Al-Kharashi, Abdullah S., Al-Dahmash, Saad
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 692/308/409; 692/53/2423; Acute Disease; Adult; Blood flow; Blood Flow Velocity - physiology; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy - diagnosis; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy - physiopathology; Choroid - blood supply; Disease; Eye; Female; Flow velocity; Fluorescein Angiography - methods; Hemodynamics; Humans; Laboratory Medicine; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Ophthalmology; Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology; Regional Blood Flow - physiology; Surgery; Surgical Oncology; Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods; Uveitis; Uveitis - diagnosis; Uveitis - physiopathology; Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome - complications; Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome - diagnosis; Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome - physiopathology; Velocity; Visual Acuity - physiology
• ISSN: 0950-222X; 1476-5454; 1476-5454
• DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02879-0

Objectives Acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease in the acute uveitic phase are characterized by serous retinal detachment caused by dysfunction of the choroid. The aim of this study is to compare blood flow velocity and pulse waveform parameters in the choroid between these two diseases. Methods In this study, 25 patients (50 eyes) with VKH disease, 21 patients (27 eyes) with CSC and 15 healthy controls (30 eyes) were studied. Laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) was performed at presentation. Results Choroidal mean blur rate (MBR), representing blood flow velocity in choroidal vessels, was significantly lower in the eyes affected by VKH disease compared with the healthy control and CSC eyes. CSC eyes had a significantly higher MBR compared with healthy controls. Among the analyzed pulse waveform parameters, blow-out time (BOT), falling rate (FR) and flow acceleration index (FAI) changed significantly. BOT value was significantly lower in CSC eyes than in healthy control and VKH eyes. FR and FAI values were significantly lower in VKH eyes than in healthy control and CSC eyes. There was a strong positive correlation between MBR and FAI. Conclusions Our findings confirm different pathophysiology of these two diseases. Assessment of choroidal blood flow velocity and haemodynamics with LSFG provides useful information to differentiate acute CSC and initial-onset acute uveitis associated with VKH disease.