Association between Masticatory Performance, Nutritional Intake, and Frailty in Japanese Older Adults

The older adult population in Japan is expected to increase. Therefore, long-term care and frailty prevention are important. However, the relationship between masticatory performance, nutritional intake, and frailty remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine energy, protein, and vi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2023-12, Vol.15 (24), p.5075
Main Authors: Okada, Mitsuzumi, Hama, Yohei, Futatsuya, Ryota, Sasaki, Yoshiyuki, Noritake, Kanako, Yamaguchi, Kohei, Matsuzaki, Mayuko, Kubota, Chieko, Hosoda, Akemi, Minakuchi, Shunsuke
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Alfacalcidol
Calcifediol
Cross-Sectional Studies
Eating
Frail Elderly
Frailty
Frailty - epidemiology
Humans
Japan
Long-term care of the sick
Longitudinal studies
Muscles
Nutrition
Older people
Prevention
Vitamin D
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Summary:The older adult population in Japan is expected to increase. Therefore, long-term care and frailty prevention are important. However, the relationship between masticatory performance, nutritional intake, and frailty remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine energy, protein, and vitamin D intake and its association with frailty and masticatory performance in older adults. Patients between January 2022 and January 2023 were recruited and divided into robust and frail groups. Masticatory performance, nutrition, frailty, and other data, such as age and sex, were evaluated through onsite measurements and a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with frailty as a dependent variable and masticatory performance as an independent variable, adjusting for age, sex, skeletal muscle mass, living alone, energy intake, protein-energy ratio, and vitamin D intake. No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding age or sex. The robust group showed significantly better results for protein-energy ratio, vitamin D intake, and subjective and objective masticatory performance than the frail group. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between skeletal muscle mass, protein-energy ratio, and objective masticatory performance with frailty. Masticatory performance was associated with frailty, independent of the intake of nutrients such as energy, protein, and vitamin D.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu15245075