Clinical Manifestations of an Outbreak of Monkeypox Virus in Captive Chimpanzees in Cameroon, 2016

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a reemerging virus of global concern. An outbreak of clade I MPXV affected 20 captive chimpanzees in Cameroon in 2016. We describe the epidemiology, virology, phylogenetics, and clinical progression of this outbreak. Clinical signs included exanthema, facial swelling, peril...

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Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2024-03, Vol.229 (Supplement_2), p.S275-S284
Main Authors: Brien, Stephanie C, LeBreton, Matthew, Doty, Jeffrey B, Mauldin, Matthew R, Morgan, Clint N, Pieracci, Emily G, Ritter, Jana M, Matheny, Audrey, Tafon, Bibila G, Tamoufe, Ubald, Missoup, Alain D, Nwobegahay, Julius, Takuo, Jean Michel, Nkom, Felix, Mouiche, Moctar M M, Feussom, Jean Marc K, Wilkins, Kimberly, Wade, Abel, McCollum, Andrea M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Animals, Wild
Cameroon
Disease Outbreaks
Humans
Monkeypox virus
Mpox (monkeypox)
Pan troglodytes
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Summary:Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a reemerging virus of global concern. An outbreak of clade I MPXV affected 20 captive chimpanzees in Cameroon in 2016. We describe the epidemiology, virology, phylogenetics, and clinical progression of this outbreak. Clinical signs included exanthema, facial swelling, perilaryngeal swelling, and eschar. Mpox can be lethal in captive chimpanzees, with death likely resulting from respiratory complications. We advise avoiding anesthesia in animals with respiratory signs to reduce the likelihood of death. This outbreak presented a risk to animal care staff. There is a need for increased awareness and a One Health approach to preparation for outbreaks in wildlife rescue centers in primate range states where MPXV occurs. Control measures should include quarantining affected animals, limiting human contacts, surveillance of humans and animals, use of personal protective equipment, and regular decontamination of enclosures.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiad601