Advances in manganese-oxide 'composite' electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

Recent advances to develop manganese-rich electrodes derived from `composite' structures in which a Li2MnO3 (layered) component is structurally integrated with either a layered LiM02 component or a spinel LiM2 O4 component, in which M is predominantly Mn and Ni, are reviewed. The electrodes, wh...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials chemistry 2005-06, Vol.15 (23), p.2257-2267
Main Authors: THACKERAY, Michael M, JOHNSON, Christopher S, VAUGHEY, John T, LI, N, HACKNEY, Stephen A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science
rheology
Exact sciences and technology
Materials science
Phase diagrams and microstructures developed by solidification and solid-solid phase transformations
Physics
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Summary:Recent advances to develop manganese-rich electrodes derived from `composite' structures in which a Li2MnO3 (layered) component is structurally integrated with either a layered LiM02 component or a spinel LiM2 O4 component, in which M is predominantly Mn and Ni, are reviewed. The electrodes, which can be represented in two-component notation as xLi2MnO3(l - x)LiMO2 and xLi2MnO3(l - x)LiM2O4, are activated by lithia (Li20) and/or lithium removal from the Li2Mn03, LiMO2 and LiM2 O4 components. The electrodes provide an initial capacity > 250 mAh g-1 when discharged between 5 and 2.0 V vs. Lio and a rechargeable capacity up to 250 mAh g-1 over the same potential window. Electrochemical charge and discharge reactions are followed on compositional phase diagrams. The data bode well for the development and exploitation of high capacity electrodes for the next generation of lithium-ion batteries.
ISSN:0959-9428
1364-5501
DOI:10.1039/b417616m