Prokaryotic and eukaryotic dual-expression plasmid-mediated delivery of Campylobacter jejuni antigens by live-attenuated Salmonella: A strategy for concurrent Th1 and Th2 immune activation and protection in chickens

Salmonella and Campylobacter are food-borne pathogens that significantly affect poultry production and are transmitted to humans. Long-term protection against these pathogens in chicken relies on a balanced Th1 and Th2 response. C. jejuni antigens were screened and a fusion antigen, including CadF +...

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Published in:Developmental and comparative immunology 2024-04, Vol.153, p.105134-105134, Article 105134
Main Authors: Chandran, Sivasankar, Hewawaduge, Chamith, Aganja, Ram Prasad, Lee, John Hwa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Balanced Th1 and Th2 immune responses
Bilateral protection
Campylobacter jejuni
Dual-expression plasmid
Dual-vaccine
Live-attenuated S. Typhimurium
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Summary:Salmonella and Campylobacter are food-borne pathogens that significantly affect poultry production and are transmitted to humans. Long-term protection against these pathogens in chicken relies on a balanced Th1 and Th2 response. C. jejuni antigens were screened and a fusion antigen, including CadF + FlaA adhesin and flagellin antigenic fragments was developed and safely delivered by low-endotoxicity S. Typhimurium through pJHL270, a dual-expression plasmid featuring prokaryotic (Ptrc) and eukaryotic (CMV) promoters. Antigen expression in Salmonella and host cells was confirmed by western blotting and IFA. The vaccine construct JOL2999, triggered significant increases in IgY, IgA antibodies, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, indicating humoral, mucosal, and cell-mediated responses against both pathogens. Elevations in pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, INF-γ, IL-2, and IL-4 and MHC I and II cell populations further suggest simultaneous Th1 and Th2 immune activation. Reduced pathogen load and histopathological inflammatory signs in vital organs upon challenge confirmed the protective efficacy in chickens. •Avian vaccine prevents poultry from spread of Campylobacter and Salmonella.•Novel plasmid expresses antigens from prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.•Activation of MHC class I and II confers a balanced Th1 and Th2 response.•Antibodies, cellular, and cytokine responses reduce pathogen load in vital organs.•Protective immune response was confirmed against Campylobacter and Salmonella.
ISSN:0145-305X
1879-0089
DOI:10.1016/j.dci.2024.105134