Interactions of particulate- and dissolved-phase heavy metals in a mature stormwater bioretention cell

Bioretention is an increasingly common stormwater control measure (SCM) for mitigation of stormwater quantity and quality. Studies from lab to field scale have shown successful removal of total metals from stormwater, especially Cu and Zn which are ubiquitous in the urban environment yet detrimental...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental management 2024-02, Vol.352, p.120014-120014, Article 120014
Main Authors: Croft, Kristen, Kjellerup, Birthe V., Davis, Allen P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
bioretention areas
Bioretention treatment
Chemical speciation modeling
control methods
Cu and Zn
dissolved organic matter
Dust
Ecosystem
environmental management
Metals, Heavy
particle size distribution
Particle size metal associations
Particulate Matter
particulates
Rain
stormwater
Stormwater pollution
total organic carbon
urban areas
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
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Summary:Bioretention is an increasingly common stormwater control measure (SCM) for mitigation of stormwater quantity and quality. Studies from lab to field scale have shown successful removal of total metals from stormwater, especially Cu and Zn which are ubiquitous in the urban environment yet detrimental to aquatic ecosystems. While bioretention effectively removes particulate matter and particulate bound (PB) contaminants, removal performance of dissolved metals has been neglected in field studies. After approximately two decades of these systems being implemented, with a typical design-life of 20 years, performance of mature systems is unknown. This study examined the performance of a 16- to 18-year-old bioretention cell by characterizing Cu and Zn partitioning and removal. Flow-weighted composite samples of stormwater and bioretention effluent were collected and analyzed for total and dissolved metals. Size-fractioned road-deposited sediments (RDS) were collected and analyzed for metals and particle size distribution. The comparison of RDS and PB metals showed that PB-Zn was enriched in stormwater, indicating higher mobility of PB-Zn compared to PB-Cu. The mature bioretention system effectively removed particulates and PB-metals with average load reductions of 82% and 83%, respectively. While concentrations for dissolved metals were low (
ISSN:0301-4797
1095-8630
DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.120014