Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene frequency in acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: a case control study

• Published in: International journal of dermatology 2024-06, Vol.63 (6), p.773-779
• Main Authors: Vinay, Keshavamurthy, Kamat, Divya, Narayan R, Vignesh, Minz, Ranjana W., Singh, Jagdeep, Bishnoi, Anuradha, Chatterjee, Debajyoti, Parsad, Davinder, Kumaran, Muthu S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alleles; Autoimmune diseases; Drb1 protein; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids; Gender; Gene expression; Gene frequency; Histocompatibility antigen HLA; Hyperpigmentation; Major histocompatibility complex; Pathogenesis
• ISSN: 0011-9059; 1365-4632
• DOI: 10.1111/ijd.17017

Background Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele frequencies have a known association with the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. Methods We recruited 31 Indian patients of acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) and 60 unrelated, age‐and‐gender‐matched healthy controls. After history and clinical examination, 5 ml of blood in EDTA vials was collected. These samples were subjected to DNA extraction and the expression of HLA A, B, C, DR, DQ‐A, and DQ‐B was studied. Results There was a predominance of females with a gender ratio of 23 : 8 and the most common phototype was Fitzpatrick type IV (83.9%). There was a significant association of HLA A*03:01 (OR: 5.8, CI: 1.7–17.0, P = 0.005), HLA B*07:02 (OR: 5.3, CI: 1.9–14.6, P = 0.003), HLA C*07:02 (OR: 4.3, CI: 1.8–9.6, P = 0.001), HLA DRB1*10:01 (OR: 7.6, CI: 1.7–38.00, P = 0.022), and HLA DRB1*15:02 (OR: 31.0, CI: 4.4–341.8, P