The Role of Chemokines in Orchestrating the Immune Response to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Chemokines are small molecules that function as chemotactic factors which regulate the migration, infiltration, and accumulation of immune cells. Here, we comprehensively assess the structural and functional role of chemokines, examine the effects of chemokines that are present in the pancreatic duc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2024-01, Vol.16 (3), p.559
Main Authors: Lekan, Alexander A, Weiner, Louis M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenocarcinoma
Amino acids
Angiogenesis
Cells
Chemical bonds
Chemokine receptors
Chemokines
Chemotactic factors
Clinical trials
Cytotoxicity
Effector cells
Health aspects
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immune response
Immunotherapy
Infiltration
Lymphocytes
Medical prognosis
Metastases
Pancreas
Pancreatic cancer
Roles
Structure-function relationships
Tumor microenvironment
Tumors
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Summary:Chemokines are small molecules that function as chemotactic factors which regulate the migration, infiltration, and accumulation of immune cells. Here, we comprehensively assess the structural and functional role of chemokines, examine the effects of chemokines that are present in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor microenvironment (TME), specifically those produced by cancer cells and stromal components, and evaluate their impact on immune cell trafficking, both in promoting and suppressing anti-tumor responses. We further explore the impact of chemokines on patient outcomes in PDAC and their role in the context of immunotherapy treatments, and review clinical trials that have targeted chemokine receptors and ligands in the treatment of PDAC. Lastly, we highlight potential strategies that can be utilized to harness chemokines in order to increase cytotoxic immune cell infiltration and the anti-tumor effects of immunotherapy.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers16030559