Mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles as emerging therapeutic tools in the treatment of ischemic stroke

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a neurological condition characterized by severe long-term consequences and an unfavorable prognosis for numerous patients. Despite advancements in stroke treatment, existing therapeutic approaches possess certain limitations. However, accumulating evidence suggests that mese...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tissue & cell 2024-04, Vol.87, p.102320-102320, Article 102320
Main Authors: Pratiwi, Dewi Indah Noviana, Alhajlah, Sharif, Alawadi, Ahmed, Hjazi, Ahmed, Alawsi, Taif, Almalki, Sami G., Alsalamy, Ali, Kumar, Abhinav
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain injury
Exosomes
Extracellular vesicles
Ischemic stroke
Mesenchymal stromal cells
Neurological diseases
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Summary:Ischemic stroke (IS) is a neurological condition characterized by severe long-term consequences and an unfavorable prognosis for numerous patients. Despite advancements in stroke treatment, existing therapeutic approaches possess certain limitations. However, accumulating evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) hold promise as a potential therapy for various neurological disorders, including IS, owing to their advantageous properties, such as immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. Additionally, MSCs primarily exert their therapeutic effects through the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), highlighting the significance of their paracrine activities. These EVs are small double-layered phospholipid membrane vesicles, carrying a diverse cargo of proteins, lipids, and miRNAs that enable effective cell-to-cell communication. Notably, EVs have emerged as attractive substitutes for stem cell therapy due to their reduced immunogenicity, lower tumorigenic potential, and ease of administration and handling. Hence, this review summarizes the current preclinical and clinical studies performed to investigate the safety and therapeutic potential of MSCs and their EVs derived from different sources, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and Wharton’s jelly in IS. •MSCs and their EVs hold great potential as emerging therapeutic tools in the treatment of ischemic stroke•Future studies should explore the potential of combining MSCs and EVs with other therapies•Future studies should explore the potential of utilizing engineered EVs for stroke therapy
ISSN:0040-8166
1532-3072
DOI:10.1016/j.tice.2024.102320