Characteristics of dermal vascularity in melasma and solar lentigo

Background /Purpose Melasma and solar lentigo (SL) are major benign hyperpigmented lesions, and both have been shown to involve the dermal vasculature. This review discusses current knowledge regarding the clinical characteristics of dermal vascularity in melasma and SL, as well as the results of re...

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Published in:Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine photoimmunology & photomedicine, 2024-03, Vol.40 (2), p.e12953-n/a
Main Authors: Hara, Yusuke, Shibata, Takako
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
benign hyperpigmentation
dermal vasculature
Endothelial Cells
Humans
Hyperpigmentation
Lentigo - pathology
Melanosis - pathology
Melanosis - therapy
melasma
non‐invasive measurements
Photosensitivity Disorders
Phototherapy
solar lentigo
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Summary:Background /Purpose Melasma and solar lentigo (SL) are major benign hyperpigmented lesions, and both have been shown to involve the dermal vasculature. This review discusses current knowledge regarding the clinical characteristics of dermal vascularity in melasma and SL, as well as the results of relevant molecular biological investigations. Methods PubMed and Google Scholar were searched in December 2023 to identify articles related to melasma, SL, and the dermal vasculature in these lesions. Results Vascular morphologies in melasma and SL have been detected by histological and non‐invasive methods, including modalities such as optical coherence tomography. Biological studies have indicated that factors secreted from vascular endothelial cells, such as stem cell factor and endothelin‐1, can promote melanogenesis. With respect to phototherapy, blood vessel‐targeting laser treatments are expected to provide long‐term suppression of pigmentation, but this regimen is only effective when dilated capillaries are visible. Conclusion In both melasma and SL, clinical and experimental investigations are revealing the contributions of dermal vascularity to hyperpigmentation. More effective treatment may require identification of hyperpigmentation subtypes. In the future, knowledge of treatment (including phototherapy) is expected to accumulate through reliable and validated non‐invasive measurements.
ISSN:0905-4383
1600-0781
DOI:10.1111/phpp.12953