Autonomic dysreflexia in urological practice: pathophysiology, prevention and treatment considerations

Purpose Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to sensorimotor impairments; however, it can also be complicated by significant autonomic dysfunction, including cardiovascular and lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunctions. Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a dangerous cardiovascular complication of SCI often overlo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of urology 2024-02, Vol.42 (1), p.80-80, Article 80
Main Authors: Calderón-Juárez, Martín, Samejima, Soshi, Rempel, Lucas, Sachdeva, Rahul, Krassioukov, Andrei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autonomic Dysreflexia - etiology
Autonomic Dysreflexia - prevention & control
Blood Pressure
Cystoscopy
Health Personnel
Humans
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nephrology
Oncology
Risk factors
Sensorimotor system
Spinal cord injuries
Spinal Cord Injuries - complications
Spinal Cord Injuries - therapy
Topic Paper
Urinary tract
Urogenital system
Urology
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Summary:Purpose Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to sensorimotor impairments; however, it can also be complicated by significant autonomic dysfunction, including cardiovascular and lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunctions. Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is a dangerous cardiovascular complication of SCI often overlooked by healthcare professionals. AD is characterized by a sudden increase in blood pressure (BP) that can result in severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. In this review, we provide an overview on the clinical manifestations, risk factors, underlying mechanisms, and current approaches in prevention and management of AD. Methods After conducting a literature research, we summarized relevant information regarding the clinical and pathophysiological aspects in the context of urological clinical practice Conclusions The most common triggers of AD are those arising from LUT, such as bladder distention and urinary tract infections. Furthermore, AD is commonly observed in individuals with SCI during urological procedures, including catheterization, cystoscopy and urodynamics. Although significant progress in the clinical assessment of AD has been made in recent decades, effective approaches for its prevention and treatment are currently lacking.
ISSN:1433-8726
0724-4983
1433-8726
DOI:10.1007/s00345-024-04781-0