Lupus enteritis: a narrative review

Abstract Lupus enteritis (LE) is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. The pathophysiology of LE has not been fully elucidated, although inflammatory and thrombotic processes are likely important factors. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms may depend on which portion of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Rheumatology (Oxford, England) England), 2024-05, Vol.63 (6), p.1494-1501
Main Authors: Muñoz-Urbano, Marcela, Sangle, Shirish, D’Cruz, David P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Clinical trials
Computed tomography
Diagnosis
Enteritis
Enteritis - diagnosis
Enteritis - etiology
Glucocorticoids - therapeutic use
Humans
Immunosuppressive agents
Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use
Lupus
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - complications
Peritonitis
Prognosis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Summary:Abstract Lupus enteritis (LE) is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. The pathophysiology of LE has not been fully elucidated, although inflammatory and thrombotic processes are likely important factors. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms may depend on which portion of the intestine is affected. Over half of the patients with LE also present with renal or haematological complications. The diagnosis of LE is based on clinical, histopathological and imaging findings; abdominal computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard in diagnosis. Abdominal CT can also identify factors that predict complications and could potentially guide pharmacological and nutritional management. Timely identification and prompt treatment initiation are paramount to avoid life and organ threatening complications. Glucocorticoids are often the first-line treatment. Additional therapy including immunosuppressive therapy is utilised on a case-by-case basis as there are no clinical trials to define the optimal therapeutic approach. Surgical intervention may be needed especially if there is bowel perforation or peritonitis. In general, the prognosis of LE is good.
ISSN:1462-0324
1462-0332
1462-0332
DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/kead689