Racial, ethnic and country of origin disparities in aggressive endometrial cancer histologic subtypes

• Published in: Gynecologic oncology 2024-05, Vol.184, p.31-42
• Main Authors: Winkler, Stuart S., Tian, Chunqiao, Casablanca, Yovanni, Bateman, Nicholas W., Jokajtys, Suzanne, Kucera, Calen W., Tarney, Christopher M., Chan, John K., Richardson, Michael T., Kapp, Daniel S., Liao, Cheng-I, Hamilton, Chad A., Leath, Charles A., Reddy, Megan, Cote, Michele L., O'Connor, Timothy D., Jones, Nathaniel L., Rocconi, Rodney P., Powell, Matthew A., Farley, John, Shriver, Craig D., Conrads, Thomas P., Phippen, Neil T., Maxwell, G. Larry, Darcy, Kathleen M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell - epidemiology; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell - ethnology; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell - pathology; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; American Indian or Alaska Native; Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander; Black or African American - statistics & numerical data; Carcinoma, Endometrioid - ethnology; Carcinoma, Endometrioid - pathology; Carcinosarcoma - ethnology; Carcinosarcoma - pathology; Country of origin; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous - ethnology; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous - pathology; Disparities; Endometrial cancer; Endometrial Neoplasms - ethnology; Endometrial Neoplasms - pathology; Ethnicity; Ethnicity - statistics & numerical data; Female; Health Status Disparities; Hispanic or Latino - statistics & numerical data; Histologic subtypes; Humans; Middle Aged; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander - statistics & numerical data; NCDB; Race; United States - epidemiology; Uterine cancer; White People - statistics & numerical data
• ISSN: 0090-8258; 1095-6859; 1095-6859
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.01.009

This study investigated the risk of an aggressive endometrial cancer (EC) diagnosis by race, ethnicity, and country of origin to further elucidate histologic disparities in non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander (API), American Indian/Alaskan Native (AIAN) vs. non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients, particularly in Hispanic or API subgroups. Patient diagnosed between 2004 and 2020 with low grade (LG)-endometrioid endometrial cancer (ECC) or an aggressive EC including grade 3 EEC, serous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, mixed epithelial carcinoma, or carcinosarcoma in the National Cancer Database were studied. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for diagnosis of an aggressive EC histology was estimated using logistic modeling. There were 343,868 NHW, 48,897 NHB, 30,013 Hispanic, 15,015 API and 1646 AIAN patients. The OR (95% CI) for an aggressive EC diagnosis was 3.07 (3.01–3.13) for NHB, 1.08 (1.06–1.11) for Hispanic, 1.17 (1.13–1.21) for API and 1.07 (0.96–1.19) for AIAN, relative to NHW patients. Subset analyses by country of origin illustrated the diversity in the OR for an aggressive EC diagnosis among Hispanic (1.18 for Mexican to 1.87 for Dominican), Asian (1.14 Asian Indian-Pakistani to 1.48 Korean) and Pacific Islander (1.00 for Hawaiian to 1.33 for Samoan) descendants. Hispanic, API and AIAN patients were diagnosed 5-years younger that NHW patients, and the risk for an aggressive EC histology were all significantly higher than NHW patients after correcting for age. Insurance status was another independent risk factor for aggressive histology. Risk of an aggressive EC diagnosis varied by race, ethnicity, and country of origin. NHB patients had the highest risk, followed by Dominican, South/Central American, Cuban, Korean, Thai, Vietnamese, and Filipino descendants. [Display omitted] •Non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients had the lowest percent (%) with an aggressive endometrial cancer (EC) histology (30%).•57% of non-Hispanic Black patients had an aggressive EC histology corresponding to a 3-fold higher risk over NHW patients.•Risk in Hispanics (H) varied by race (32% H-White to 48% H-Black) and country of origin (34% Mexican to 45% Dominican).•Risk varied in descendants from Asian (33% Indian Pakistani to 39% Korean) or Pacific Islands (30% Hawaiian to 37% Samoan).•32% of American Indian/Alsakan Native patients had an aggressive EC histology and an age-adjusted risk of 1.30 vs. NHWs.