The Promise and Potential of Metal–Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks in Vaccine Nanotechnology

The immune system’s complexity and ongoing evolutionary struggle against deleterious pathogens underscore the value of vaccination technologies, which have been bolstering human immunity for over two centuries. Despite noteworthy advancements over these 200 years, three areas remain recalcitrant to...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemical reviews 2024-03, Vol.124 (6), p.3013-3036
Main Authors: Wijesundara, Yalini H., Howlett, Thomas S., Kumari, Sneha, Gassensmith, Jeremiah J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjuvants
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Biomolecules
Controlled release
Immune system
Immunology
Immunotherapy
Incompatibility
Metal-organic frameworks
Nanotechnology
Refrigeration
Vaccines
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The immune system’s complexity and ongoing evolutionary struggle against deleterious pathogens underscore the value of vaccination technologies, which have been bolstering human immunity for over two centuries. Despite noteworthy advancements over these 200 years, three areas remain recalcitrant to improvement owing to the environmental instability of the biomolecules used in vaccinesthe challenges of formulating them into controlled release systems, their need for constant refrigeration to avoid loss of efficacy, and the requirement that they be delivered via needle owing to gastrointestinal incompatibility. Nanotechnology, particularly metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), has emerged as a promising avenue for confronting these challenges, presenting a new frontier in vaccine development. Although these materials have been widely explored in the context of drug delivery, imaging, and cancer immunotherapy, their role in immunology and vaccine-related applications is a recent yet rapidly developing field. This review seeks to elucidate the prospective use of MOFs and COFs for biomaterial stabilization, eliminating the necessity for cold chains, enhancing antigen potency as adjuvants, and potentializing needle-free delivery of vaccines. It provides an expansive and critical viewpoint on this rapidly evolving field of research and emphasizes the vital contribution of chemists in driving further advancements.
ISSN:0009-2665
1520-6890
DOI:10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00409