Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats

Malassezia are members of the mycobiome of dogs and cats. In the presence of an underlying disease, these yeasts can proliferate, attach to the skin or mucosa to induce a secondary Malassezia dermatitis, otitis externa or paronychia. Since allergic dermatitis is one of the most common underlying cau...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The veterinary journal (1997) 2024-04, Vol.304, p.106084-106084, Article 106084
Main Authors: Hobi, Stefan, Bęczkowski, Paweł M., Mueller, Ralf, Tse, May, Barrs, Vanessa R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antifungal Agents - therapeutic use
Azoles
Cat Diseases - diagnosis
Cat Diseases - drug therapy
Cat Diseases - microbiology
Cats
Dermatitis - drug therapy
Dermatitis - veterinary
Dermatology
Dermatomycoses - diagnosis
Dermatomycoses - drug therapy
Dermatomycoses - veterinary
Dog Diseases - diagnosis
Dog Diseases - drug therapy
Dog Diseases - microbiology
Dogs
Malassezia
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - veterinary
Small animals
Treatment
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Summary:Malassezia are members of the mycobiome of dogs and cats. In the presence of an underlying disease, these yeasts can proliferate, attach to the skin or mucosa to induce a secondary Malassezia dermatitis, otitis externa or paronychia. Since allergic dermatitis is one of the most common underlying causes, diagnostic investigation for allergy is often indicated. Cats may suffer from various other underlying problems, especially where Malassezia dermatitis is generalised. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats is chronic, relapsing and pruritic. Direct cytology from dermatological lesions and the ear canal, showing “peanut-shaped” budding yeasts, facilitates a rapid and reliable diagnosis. Topical treatment includes antiseptic and antifungal azole-based products. Systemic treatment with oral antifungals is indicated only in severe or refractory disease. Identification and treatment of the underlying cause is essential for an optimal response. In this evidence-based narrative review, we discuss the clinical presentation of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats, underlying comorbidities, and diagnostic considerations. Treatment is discussed in light of emerging evidence of antifungal resistance and the authors’ clinical experience. [Display omitted]
ISSN:1090-0233
1532-2971
DOI:10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106084