Evaluation of larvicidal potential of Eritrean medicinal plants against Aedes aegypti

Larvicidal activity of three Eritrean medicinal plants was evaluated against Aedes aegypti by conducting the bioassay using WHO methods. Efficacy of the plant extracts of O. hadiense, R. officinalis and C. spinarum was evaluated against 3rd instar Aedes aegypti larvae and mortality was recorded. LC...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of parasitic diseases 2024-03, Vol.48 (1), p.150-156
Main Authors: Kaushik, Jeevan Jyoti, Kaushik, Atul, Mebrahtu, Dawit, Bereket, Efrem, Eyob, Elen, Kelifa, Hana, Weldemichael, Kokob, Andebrhan, Rahwa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aedes aegypti
Anal papillae
Chlorine compounds
Chloroform
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Herbal medicine
Infectious Diseases
Larvae
Larvicides
Medicinal plants
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Original Article
Pigmentation
Plant extracts
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Summary:Larvicidal activity of three Eritrean medicinal plants was evaluated against Aedes aegypti by conducting the bioassay using WHO methods. Efficacy of the plant extracts of O. hadiense, R. officinalis and C. spinarum was evaluated against 3rd instar Aedes aegypti larvae and mortality was recorded. LC 50 and LC 90 of the various plant extracts were also calculated using probit analysis. The morphological analysis of treated larvae was also performed. Extracts of O. hadiense, C. spinarium and R. officinalis were prepared using different solvents viz chloroform, 70% ethanol and water. Of the screened extracts, the chloroform extracts of O. hadiense exhibited the highest larvicidal activities and has the minimum LC 50 and LC 90 (24 mg/ml and 198.411 mg/ml respectively). Chloroform extract of C. spinarium exhibited the least larvicidal activity with maximum LC 50 and LC 90 (736.883 mg/ml and 1188.699 mg/ml respectively). Microscopic analysis confirmed the changes in the Aedes aegypti larvae caused by various plants extracts. An accumulation of dark pigmentation was observed in abdominal region and in the anal papillae after contact and also showed major structural damage such as destruction of the gut.
ISSN:0971-7196
0975-0703
DOI:10.1007/s12639-024-01653-7