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Determination of low level methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether and methyl tert-amyl ether in human urine by HS-SPME gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) are oxygenated compounds added to gasoline to enhance octane rating and to improve combustion. They may be found as pollutants of living and working environments. In this work a robotized method for the q...
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| Published in: | Analytica chimica acta 2007-01, Vol.581 (1), p.53-62 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| cited_by | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-f36ee7f1396b3a560d165e4550747737da6444bef792bf55f594f521725182fa3 |
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| cites | cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-f36ee7f1396b3a560d165e4550747737da6444bef792bf55f594f521725182fa3 |
| container_end_page | 62 |
| container_issue | 1 |
| container_start_page | 53 |
| container_title | Analytica chimica acta |
| container_volume | 581 |
| creator | Scibetta, Licia Campo, Laura Mercadante, Rosa Foà, Vito Fustinoni, Silvia |
| description | Methyl
tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl
tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and
tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) are oxygenated compounds added to gasoline to enhance octane rating and to improve combustion. They may be found as pollutants of living and working environments. In this work a robotized method for the quantification of low level MTBE, ETBE and TAME in human urine was developed and validated. The analytes were sampled in the headspace of urine by SPME in the presence of MTBE-d12 as internal standard. Different fibers were compared for their linearity and extraction efficiency: carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene, and polydimethylsiloxane. The first, although highly efficient, was discarded due to deviation of linearity for competitive displacement, and the polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene fiber was chosen instead. The analysis was performed by GC/MS operating in the electron impact mode. The method is very specific, with range of linearity 30–4600
ng
L
−1, within- and between-run precision, as coefficient of variation, |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.aca.2006.07.083 |
| format | article |
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tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl
tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and
tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) are oxygenated compounds added to gasoline to enhance octane rating and to improve combustion. They may be found as pollutants of living and working environments. In this work a robotized method for the quantification of low level MTBE, ETBE and TAME in human urine was developed and validated. The analytes were sampled in the headspace of urine by SPME in the presence of MTBE-d12 as internal standard. Different fibers were compared for their linearity and extraction efficiency: carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene, and polydimethylsiloxane. The first, although highly efficient, was discarded due to deviation of linearity for competitive displacement, and the polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene fiber was chosen instead. The analysis was performed by GC/MS operating in the electron impact mode. The method is very specific, with range of linearity 30–4600
ng
L
−1, within- and between-run precision, as coefficient of variation, <22 and <16%, accuracy within 20% the theoretical level, and limit of detection of 6
ng
L
−1 for all the analytes. The influence of the matrix on the quantification of these ethers was evaluated analysing the specimens of seven traffic policemen exposed to autovehicular emissions: using the calibration curve and the method of standard additions comparable levels of MTBE (68–528
ng
L
−1), ETBE (<6
ng
L
−1), and TAME (<6
ng
L
−1) were obtained.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-2670</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-4324</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.07.083</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17386425</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ACACAM</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Analytical chemistry ; Applied sciences ; Biomarkers ; Chemistry ; Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography ; Ethyl Ethers - urine ; Ethyl tert-butyl ether ; Exact sciences and technology ; Gas chromatographic methods ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods ; Global environmental pollution ; Humans ; Methyl Ethers - urine ; Methyl tert-butyl ether ; Occupational exposure ; Pollution ; Solid Phase Extraction - methods ; Solid phase microextraction ; Spectrometric and optical methods ; tert-Amyl methyl ether ; Urine</subject><ispartof>Analytica chimica acta, 2007-01, Vol.581 (1), p.53-62</ispartof><rights>2006 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2007 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-f36ee7f1396b3a560d165e4550747737da6444bef792bf55f594f521725182fa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-f36ee7f1396b3a560d165e4550747737da6444bef792bf55f594f521725182fa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=18389738$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17386425$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Scibetta, Licia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campo, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mercadante, Rosa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foà, Vito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fustinoni, Silvia</creatorcontrib><title>Determination of low level methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether and methyl tert-amyl ether in human urine by HS-SPME gas chromatography/mass spectrometry</title><title>Analytica chimica acta</title><addtitle>Anal Chim Acta</addtitle><description>Methyl
tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl
tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and
tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) are oxygenated compounds added to gasoline to enhance octane rating and to improve combustion. They may be found as pollutants of living and working environments. In this work a robotized method for the quantification of low level MTBE, ETBE and TAME in human urine was developed and validated. The analytes were sampled in the headspace of urine by SPME in the presence of MTBE-d12 as internal standard. Different fibers were compared for their linearity and extraction efficiency: carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene, and polydimethylsiloxane. The first, although highly efficient, was discarded due to deviation of linearity for competitive displacement, and the polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene fiber was chosen instead. The analysis was performed by GC/MS operating in the electron impact mode. The method is very specific, with range of linearity 30–4600
ng
L
−1, within- and between-run precision, as coefficient of variation, <22 and <16%, accuracy within 20% the theoretical level, and limit of detection of 6
ng
L
−1 for all the analytes. The influence of the matrix on the quantification of these ethers was evaluated analysing the specimens of seven traffic policemen exposed to autovehicular emissions: using the calibration curve and the method of standard additions comparable levels of MTBE (68–528
ng
L
−1), ETBE (<6
ng
L
−1), and TAME (<6
ng
L
−1) were obtained.</description><subject>Analytical chemistry</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography</subject><subject>Ethyl Ethers - urine</subject><subject>Ethyl tert-butyl ether</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Gas chromatographic methods</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods</subject><subject>Global environmental pollution</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Methyl Ethers - urine</subject><subject>Methyl tert-butyl ether</subject><subject>Occupational exposure</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Solid Phase Extraction - methods</subject><subject>Solid phase microextraction</subject><subject>Spectrometric and optical methods</subject><subject>tert-Amyl methyl ether</subject><subject>Urine</subject><issn>0003-2670</issn><issn>1873-4324</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkV1rFDEUhoModlv9Ad5IbvSqs813ZvCq1GqFikL1OmQyJ90s87Emmcr8H3-oKbtYBLFXSd7znMMhD0KvKFlTQtXZdm2dXTNC1JroNan5E7SiteaV4Ew8RStCCK-Y0uQIHae0LU9GiXiOjqjmtRJMrtCv95AhDmG0OUwjnjzup5-4hzvo8QB5s_S41HPVzrlcSwDxFP87x3bs_uqxw59SGPFmHuyI5xhGwO2Cr26qm6-fL_GtTdht4jTYPN1Gu9ssZ4NNCacduFxiyHF5gZ552yd4eThP0PcPl98urqrrLx8_XZxfV05okSvPFYD2lDeq5VYq0lElQUhJtNCa684qIUQLXjes9VJ62QgvGdVM0pp5y0_Q2_3cXZx-zJCyGUJy0Pd2hGlOhjWFpkw_CtJG1Ixx8jgoasqk4gWke9DFKaUI3uxiGGxcDCXmXrbZmiLb3Ms2RJsiu_S8Pgyf2wG6h46D3QK8OQA2Odv7aEcX0gNX87opbOHe7Tkon3sXIJrkAowOuhCLBdNN4T9r_AZ7M8iv</recordid><startdate>20070102</startdate><enddate>20070102</enddate><creator>Scibetta, Licia</creator><creator>Campo, Laura</creator><creator>Mercadante, Rosa</creator><creator>Foà, Vito</creator><creator>Fustinoni, Silvia</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070102</creationdate><title>Determination of low level methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether and methyl tert-amyl ether in human urine by HS-SPME gas chromatography/mass spectrometry</title><author>Scibetta, Licia ; Campo, Laura ; Mercadante, Rosa ; Foà, Vito ; Fustinoni, Silvia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-f36ee7f1396b3a560d165e4550747737da6444bef792bf55f594f521725182fa3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Analytical chemistry</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography</topic><topic>Ethyl Ethers - urine</topic><topic>Ethyl tert-butyl ether</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Gas chromatographic methods</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods</topic><topic>Global environmental pollution</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Methyl Ethers - urine</topic><topic>Methyl tert-butyl ether</topic><topic>Occupational exposure</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Solid Phase Extraction - methods</topic><topic>Solid phase microextraction</topic><topic>Spectrometric and optical methods</topic><topic>tert-Amyl methyl ether</topic><topic>Urine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Scibetta, Licia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Campo, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mercadante, Rosa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foà, Vito</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fustinoni, Silvia</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Analytica chimica acta</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Scibetta, Licia</au><au>Campo, Laura</au><au>Mercadante, Rosa</au><au>Foà, Vito</au><au>Fustinoni, Silvia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Determination of low level methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether and methyl tert-amyl ether in human urine by HS-SPME gas chromatography/mass spectrometry</atitle><jtitle>Analytica chimica acta</jtitle><addtitle>Anal Chim Acta</addtitle><date>2007-01-02</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>581</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>53</spage><epage>62</epage><pages>53-62</pages><issn>0003-2670</issn><eissn>1873-4324</eissn><coden>ACACAM</coden><abstract>Methyl
tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl
tert-butyl ether (ETBE) and
tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME) are oxygenated compounds added to gasoline to enhance octane rating and to improve combustion. They may be found as pollutants of living and working environments. In this work a robotized method for the quantification of low level MTBE, ETBE and TAME in human urine was developed and validated. The analytes were sampled in the headspace of urine by SPME in the presence of MTBE-d12 as internal standard. Different fibers were compared for their linearity and extraction efficiency: carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene, and polydimethylsiloxane. The first, although highly efficient, was discarded due to deviation of linearity for competitive displacement, and the polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene fiber was chosen instead. The analysis was performed by GC/MS operating in the electron impact mode. The method is very specific, with range of linearity 30–4600
ng
L
−1, within- and between-run precision, as coefficient of variation, <22 and <16%, accuracy within 20% the theoretical level, and limit of detection of 6
ng
L
−1 for all the analytes. The influence of the matrix on the quantification of these ethers was evaluated analysing the specimens of seven traffic policemen exposed to autovehicular emissions: using the calibration curve and the method of standard additions comparable levels of MTBE (68–528
ng
L
−1), ETBE (<6
ng
L
−1), and TAME (<6
ng
L
−1) were obtained.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>17386425</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.aca.2006.07.083</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0003-2670 |
| ispartof | Analytica chimica acta, 2007-01, Vol.581 (1), p.53-62 |
| issn | 0003-2670 1873-4324 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_29521127 |
| source | ScienceDirect Freedom Collection |
| subjects | Analytical chemistry Applied sciences Biomarkers Chemistry Chromatographic methods and physical methods associated with chromatography Ethyl Ethers - urine Ethyl tert-butyl ether Exact sciences and technology Gas chromatographic methods Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods Global environmental pollution Humans Methyl Ethers - urine Methyl tert-butyl ether Occupational exposure Pollution Solid Phase Extraction - methods Solid phase microextraction Spectrometric and optical methods tert-Amyl methyl ether Urine |
| title | Determination of low level methyl tert-butyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether and methyl tert-amyl ether in human urine by HS-SPME gas chromatography/mass spectrometry |
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