Clinical relevance and advances in detection of translational biomarker cardiac troponin

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a range of diseases, pointing the functional hindrances in the heart and blood vessels of the human system that contributes to 48.6 % of the world's adult death rate. The diagnosis of CVD relies upon the Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) and detection of muscle markers...

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Published in:Analytical biochemistry 2024-06, Vol.689, p.115505-115505, Article 115505
Main Authors: Durairaj, Brindha, Mohandass, Swathanthiram, Sakthivel, Kunnathur Murugesan, Poornima, Arthanareshwarar Arunachalam
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acoustics
adults
biomarkers
Biosensors
blood serum
Cardiac troponin I
Cardiovascular disease
Clinical diagnosis
electrochemistry
heart
humans
mortality
muscles
POC diagnosis
point-of-care systems
risk assessment
troponins
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Summary:Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a range of diseases, pointing the functional hindrances in the heart and blood vessels of the human system that contributes to 48.6 % of the world's adult death rate. The diagnosis of CVD relies upon the Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) and detection of muscle markers such as troponins. Among the cardiac trio, Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) weighing 23 KiloDalton (kDa) is a sorted biomarker for CVD. cTnI remains high in the blood after 1–2 weeks of myocardial damage. Testing of cTnI in CVD patients aids in diagnosis and risk stratification of the disease. Different determination systems including optical, electrochemical, and acoustic have been put forward for monitoring the cTnI which are Point of Care (POC) that promotes simple and sensitive detection of cTnI. The modern era has paved way to high-sensitivity Troponin I (hscTnI) devices that can detect up to 0.01 ng/ml in human blood/plasma/serum. Yet, the practice of hscTnI is impracticable due to cost inefficiency. Development of new hscTnI devices with minimal investment and maximal detection range will meet the global requirement. This review gives an over view on different detection systems of cardiac troponin I which stands as a translational detection molecule for CVDs. [Display omitted] •Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVD) occurring due to the functional disability of heart and blood vessels.•cTnI is more suited for CVD prognosis and diagnosis.•Determination of cTnI for prognosis ultimately aiding us in reducing the mortality due to CVD.
ISSN:0003-2697
1096-0309
DOI:10.1016/j.ab.2024.115505