Understanding the intricacies of cellular senescence in atherosclerosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications

• Published in: Ageing research reviews 2024-04, Vol.96, p.102273, Article 102273
• Main Authors: Ali, Ilyas, Zhang, Hongliang, Zaidi, Syed Aqib Ali, Zhou, Guangqian
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular disease; Cellular senescence; SASP factors; Therapeutic amplification
• ISSN: 1568-1637; 1872-9649; 1872-9649
• DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102273

Cardiovascular disease is currently the largest cause of mortality and disability globally, surpassing communicable diseases, and atherosclerosis is the main contributor to this epidemic. Aging is intimately linked to atherosclerosis development and progression, however, the mechanism of aging in atherosclerosis is not well known. To emphasize the significant research on the involvement of senescent cells in atherosclerosis, we begin by outlining compelling evidence that indicates various types of senescent cells and SASP factors linked to atherosclerotic phenotypes. We subsequently provide a comprehensive summary of the existing knowledge, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms through which cellular senescence contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Further, we cover that senescence can be identified by both structural changes and several senescence-associated biomarkers. Finally, we discuss that preventing accelerated cellular senescence represents an important therapeutic potential, as permanent changes may occur in advanced atherosclerosis. Together, the review summarizes the relationship between cellular senescence and atherosclerosis, and inspects the molecular knowledge, and potential clinical significance of senescent cells in developing senescent-based therapy, thus providing crucial insights into their biology and potential therapeutic exploration. •This review provides a comprehensive overview of how cellular senescence contributes to atherosclerosis.•Elucidates key mechanisms linking aging to atherosclerosis, contributing to chronic inflammation and plaque instability.•Emphasizes the need for senescenceand atherosclerosis biomarkers, and acknowledgesthe challenges involved in translating preclinical research into clinical applications.•Discus innovative therapeutic strategies targeting cellular senescence for the treatment of atherosclerosis.