Sampling and analysis of airborne resin acids and solvent-soluble material derived from heated colophony (rosin) flux: a method to quantify exposure to sensitizing compounds liberated during electronics soldering

• Published in: Toxicology (Amsterdam) 1996-07, Vol.111 (1), p.225-238
• Main Authors: Smith, Philip A., Son, Paul S., Callaghan, Patrick M., Jederberg, Warren W., Kuhlmann, Karl, Still, Kenneth R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air Pollutants, Occupational - adverse effects; Air Pollutants, Occupational - analysis; Airborne; Aircraft; Analysis; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Colophony; Diterpenes - adverse effects; Diterpenes - analysis; Diterpenes, Abietane; Electronics; Environmental Monitoring - methods; Gravimetric; Humans; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects; Phenanthrenes - adverse effects; Phenanthrenes - analysis; Resins, Plant - adverse effects; Resins, Plant - analysis; Rosin; Sensitization; Solubility; Solvents - analysis; Tars - adverse effects; Tars - analysis
• ISSN: 0300-483X; 1879-3185
• DOI: 10.1016/0300-483X(96)03379-3

Components of colophony (rosin) resin acids are sensitizers through dermal and pulmonary exposure to heated and unheated material. Significant work in the literature identifies specific resin acids and their oxidation products as sensitizers. Pulmonary exposure to colophony sensitizers has been estimated indirectly through formaldehyde exposure. To assess pulmonary sensitization from airborne resin acids, direct measurement is desired, as the degree to which aldehyde exposure correlates with that of resin acids during colophony heating is undefined. Any analytical method proposed should be applicable to a range of compounds and should also identify specific compounds present in a breathing zone sample. This work adapts OSHA Sampling and Analytical Method 58, which is designed to provide airborne concentration data for coal tar pitch volatile solids by air filtration through a glass fiber filter, solvent extraction of the filter, and gravimetric analysis of the non-volatile extract residue. In addition to data regarding total soluble material captured, a portion of the extract may be subjected to compound-specific analysis. Levels of soluble solids found during personal breathing zone sampling during electronics soldering in a Naval Aviation Depot ranged from below the “reliable quantitation limit” reported in the method to 7.98 mg/m 3. Colophony-spiked filters analyzed in accordance with the method (modified) produced a limit of detection for total solvent-soluble colophony solids of 10 μg/filter. High performance liquid chromatography was used to identify abietic acid present in a breathing zone sample.