Hybrid treatment systems - anaerobic ponds and trickling filters in Zimbabwe

The most economic combination of unit treatment processes for a new sewage treatment works in Zimbabwe was found to be anaerobic ponds followed by trickling filters. The regulations governing irrigation with treated effluent permitted the omission of humus tanks or further treatment. Two stage anaer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2003-01, Vol.48 (2), p.349-356
Main Authors: BROOME, J. M, MORRIS, P. M, NANTHAMBWE, J. G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Anaerobic treatment
Applied sciences
Bacteria, Anaerobic - physiology
Biological and medical sciences
Biological treatment of waters
Bioreactors
Biotechnology
Conservation of Natural Resources
Decomposing organic matter
Effluent treatment
Environment and pollution
Eucalyptus
Exact sciences and technology
Filters
Filtration
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General purification processes
Gravitation
Gravity
Humus
Hybrid systems
Impaired water use
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
Inlets (waterways)
Irrigation
Irrigation tanks
Outlets
Pipework
Plantations
Pollution
Ponds
Removal
Sedimentation tanks
Sewage
Sewage treatment
Sewage treatment plants
Sludge
Tanks
Trickling filters
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Wastewater treatment
Wastewater treatment plants
Wastewaters
Water Pollution - prevention & control
Water Supply
Water treatment and pollution
Zimbabwe
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Summary:The most economic combination of unit treatment processes for a new sewage treatment works in Zimbabwe was found to be anaerobic ponds followed by trickling filters. The regulations governing irrigation with treated effluent permitted the omission of humus tanks or further treatment. Two stage anaerobic ponds are desludged by gravity through fixed sludge outlet pipework. Sludge is disposed of by irrigation of a Eucalyptus plantation. Novel features of the inlet works and pond outlets are also described. The works has functioned for eight years without major problems, but the assumption that humus tanks or settling ponds were not required may have been mistaken. The sludge removal system has worked well. Without the sludge pipework, it is estimated that desludging of the primary ponds would have been required after two years of operation, but they have now operated successfully for eight years. The combination of anaerobic ponds and trickling filters should be considered where land availability or site conditions make facultative ponds difficult or expensive to construct.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2003.0140