Prevalence of non‐neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms after kidney transplantation

• Published in: BJU international 2024-10, Vol.134 (4), p.519-525
• Main Authors: Costa Silva, Alberto, Pina‐Vaz, Teresa, Morgado, Afonso, Martins‐Silva, Carlos, Antunes‐Lopes, Tiago, Alturas Silva, João
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: benign prostatic hyperplasia; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic - epidemiology; Kidney Failure, Chronic - surgery; Kidney Transplantation; Kidney transplants; lower urinary tract symptoms; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms - epidemiology; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms - etiology; Male; Meta-analysis; Postoperative Complications - epidemiology; Postoperative Complications - etiology; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Urinary tract; Urination; Urogenital system; Urologic surgical procedures
• ISSN: 1464-4096; 1464-410X; 1464-410X
• DOI: 10.1111/bju.16347

Objective This review investigates the prevalence of male non‐neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after renal transplant, as kidney transplantation is a transformative intervention for patients with end‐stage renal disease significantly enhancing quality of life that might be diminished by LUTS. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines were followed. A systematic search in the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed using specific terms. Inclusion criteria considered male kidney transplant recipients, analysing outcomes in English‐language studies. Discrepancies were resolved by consultation. Results Among 18 studies involving 29 086 recipients, the prevalence of non‐neurogenic LUTS ranged from 5.8% to 33.0%. Studies predominantly used the International Prostate Symptom Score for evaluation. Surgical interventions, mostly for benign prostatic obstruction, ranged from 2.5% to 20.0%. Voiding and post‐micturition symptoms were under‐represented. Conclusion This review found varied non‐neurogenic LUTS prevalence and characteristics in male kidney transplant recipients, emphasising the need for standardised assessments, prospective studies, and improved understanding of LUTS mechanisms. Enhanced knowledge can guide interventions, additionally benefiting recipient quality of life.