Performance of Lagoons Experiencing Seasonal Ice Cover

The operation of lagoon treatment facilities in areas that experience seasonal ice cover requires controlled discharge to avoid poor-quality effluents from being discharged to ice-covered receiving environments. The performance of controlled discharge lagoons is controlled by factors that are differ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water environment research 1995-05, Vol.67 (3), p.318-326
Main Authors: Price, Dennis S., Smith, Daniel W., Stanley, Stephen J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonia
Applied sciences
Biochemical oxygen demand
Biological and medical sciences
Biological treatment of waters
Biotechnology
COLD WEATHER
DESIGN
EFFLUENT
Environment and pollution
Exact sciences and technology
Factorials
Freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Ice
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
LAGOONS
Other wastewaters
Pollution
Research Papers
Sewage effluent
Storage time
Wastewater
Wastewater treatment
Wastewaters
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:The operation of lagoon treatment facilities in areas that experience seasonal ice cover requires controlled discharge to avoid poor-quality effluents from being discharged to ice-covered receiving environments. The performance of controlled discharge lagoons is controlled by factors that are different than those influencing ice-free continuous discharge lagoons. Although the use of controlled discharge lagoons is common (80% of the 315 sites in Alberta, Canada), little detailed information is available on their performance and factors that control the performance compared with the more common continuous discharge lagoons. The purpose of this paper is to provide a factual evaluation of actual lagoon performance in a region that experiences seasonal ice cover and to determine design factors that influence the performance. A review of technical aspects of lagoons operating in seasonal ice-covered environments is presented. Performance levels and factors affecting performance were determined by an in-depth evaluation of municipal sewage lagoon treatment in Alberta, Canada. It was found that controlled discharge lagoons are capable of producing effluent of superior quality compared with most mechanical plant alternatives. Important factors that influence performance include the presence of anaerobic cells, storage time, month of discharge, and season of discharge.
ISSN:1061-4303
1554-7531
DOI:10.2175/106143095X131538