Parasite frequency and liver anomalies in three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus (L.), after long-term exposure to pulp mill effluents in marine mesocosms

The effects of 4 different types of pulp mill waste water on 3-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) were investigated in flow-through sea-water mesocosms simulating a littoral habitat, with a substratum of sand and bladderwrack (Fucus vesiculosus) and associated invertebrate fauna. The model...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 1991-11, Vol.21 (4), p.505-513
Main Authors: Axelsson, B. (Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden), Norrgren, L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AGUA DE MAR
Biological and medical sciences
DECHET LIQUIDE
DESECHOS LIQUIDOS
EAU DE MER
ENFERMEDADES HEPATICAS
Environmental pollutants toxicology
GASTEROSTEUS
LIQUID WASTES
LIVER DISEASES
MALADIE DU FOIE
Medical sciences
PARASITE
PARASITES
PARASITOS
PEAU
PIEL (ANIMAL)
POLLUTION DE L'EAU
POLUCION DEL AGUA
RESPONSES
SEA WATER
SKIN
TOXICOLOGIA
TOXICOLOGIE
TOXICOLOGY
Water
WATER POLLUTION
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Summary:The effects of 4 different types of pulp mill waste water on 3-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) were investigated in flow-through sea-water mesocosms simulating a littoral habitat, with a substratum of sand and bladderwrack (Fucus vesiculosus) and associated invertebrate fauna. The model ecosystem is illustrated in a diagram. After 5 and a half months, the number of skin parasites on the fish were counted and the condition of the gills and liver was examined. Two types of skin-dwelling ciliates, Trichodina sp. and Apiosoma sp., occurred more frequently on fish exposed to the waste waters, particularly those exposed to the higher concentration (diluted 400 times) than on control fish. Anomalies in liver cell structure were also observed and are illustrated in micrographs. Waste waters from plants processing unbleached softwood and bleached hardwood without oxygen pre-bleaching had the greatest effects on the fish. There are 30 references.
ISSN:0090-4341
1432-0703
DOI:10.1007/BF01183871