Assessing impacts on Baltic coastal ecosystems with mesocosm and fish biomarker tests: a comparison of new and old wood pulp bleaching technologies

This study has taken an advanced ecotoxicological approach to assess the effects on the aquatic environment of pulp bleaching effluents (representing different types of bleaching technology) using land-based model ecosystems which mimic the sublittoral zone of the Baltic Sea. Exposure was carried ou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 1994-05, Vol.145 (3), p.213-234
Main Authors: Tana, Jukka, Rosemarin, Arno, Lehtinen, Karl-Johan, Härdig, Jan, Grahn, Olle, Landner, Lars
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
BALTIC SEA
Biological and medical sciences
BLANCHISSEMENT
BLANQUEADURA
BLEACHING
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
MAR BALTICO
Marine
Marine and brackish environment
MER BALTIQUE
Model ecosystems
MODELE
MODELOS
ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS
PASTA
PATE CELLULOSIQUE
PULP
Pulp bleaching
Rainbow trout
TOXICIDAD
TOXICITE
TOXICITY
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Summary:This study has taken an advanced ecotoxicological approach to assess the effects on the aquatic environment of pulp bleaching effluents (representing different types of bleaching technology) using land-based model ecosystems which mimic the sublittoral zone of the Baltic Sea. Exposure was carried out at realistic, low concentrations over a time period of 4.5 months. The effluent from the conventional or oldest bleaching technology was most toxic to invertebrates, causing secondary effects on algal production. However, when assessing the overall effects on algae, invertebrates, fish growth and fish physiology caused by the effluents from newer bleaching technologies, no correlation was observed between concentration of adsorbable organic halogen (AOX) and level of effect. Nor was there any correlation between the levels of conjugated chlorophenolics or resin acids in the bile of rainbow trout and physiological effects in the fish. This lack of relationship between concentration of chlorinated organic substances and biological responses makes it necessary to search for alternative bioactive compounds. Possible candidates might be plant sterols originating from the pulped wood.
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/0048-9697(94)90116-3