Treatment of pulp mill and oil sands industrial wastewaters by the partial spray freezing process

The spray freezing process, a natural freezing technology, was used to treat pulp mill effluent and oil sands tailings pond water. The wastewaters froze partially or completely (i.e. with or without runoff generation) during the spraying operation. Greater than 60% impurity reduction in the spray ic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water research (Oxford) 2004-02, Vol.38 (3), p.579-584
Main Authors: Gao, W., Smith, D.W., Sego, D.C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Exact sciences and technology
Freezing
Hydrocarbons
Impurity separation
Industrial Waste
Industrial wastewaters
Pollution
Silicon Dioxide
Spray freezing
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Wastewater treatment
Wastewaters
Water Movements
Water Pollutants - isolation & purification
Water Purification - methods
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:The spray freezing process, a natural freezing technology, was used to treat pulp mill effluent and oil sands tailings pond water. The wastewaters froze partially or completely (i.e. with or without runoff generation) during the spraying operation. Greater than 60% impurity reduction in the spray ice was obtained when 30% of the total volume of the sprayed water was released as runoff. Organic and inorganic contaminants were rejected with different efficiencies. The impurities were uniformly distributed within the ice columns when the spray ice was produced without generating any runoff. While a significant increase in impurity concentration was observed at the bottom of the ice formed with runoff production. The spray freezing process is an effective and economically feasible technique for wastewater treatment in cold regions. To achieve higher impurity removal efficiency, the wastewater should be only partially frozen during spray ice production.
ISSN:0043-1354
1879-2448
DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.053