Application of wastewater-based epidemiology for monitoring COVID-19 in hospital and housing wastewaters

An alternative and complementary diagnostic method of surveillance is provided by wastewater-based surveillance (WBS), particularly in low-income nations like Nepal with scant wastewater treatment facilities and clinical testing infrastructure. In this study, a total of 146 water samples collected f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2024-06, Vol.931, p.171877-171877, Article 171877
Main Authors: Tandukar, Sarmila, Thakali, Ocean, Baral, Rakshya, Tiwari, Ananda, Haramoto, Eiji, Tuladhar, Reshma, Joshi, Dev Raj, Sherchan, Samendra P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
COVID-19
Hospital wastewater
Housing wastewater
Nepal
SARS-CoV-2
Wastewater-based surveillance
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Summary:An alternative and complementary diagnostic method of surveillance is provided by wastewater-based surveillance (WBS), particularly in low-income nations like Nepal with scant wastewater treatment facilities and clinical testing infrastructure. In this study, a total of 146 water samples collected from two hospitals (n = 63) and three housing wastewaters (n = 83) from the Kathmandu Valley over the period of March 2021–Febraury 2022 were investigated for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using quantitative reverse transcription TaqMan PCR assays targeting the N and E genes. Of the total, 67 % (98/146) samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA either by using N- or E-gene assay, with concentrations ranging from 3.6 to 9.1 log10 copies/L. There was a significant difference found between positive ratio (Chi-square test, p 
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171877