Differential host responses to COVID-19: Unraveling the complexity

These diverse outcomes of Covid-19 are influenced by various factors including age, gender, underlying health conditions, immune responses, viral variants, external factors, and overall quality of life. Demographic analysis of patients aged 0-18 years experienced mild to moderate cases, above 55 yea...

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Published in:Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease 2024-06, Vol.109 (2), p.116281, Article 116281
Main Authors: Verma, Vinod Kumar, Yadav, Rahul, Beevi, Syed Sultan, Mohod, Annie S., Mancharla, Shravya, Damodar, Neha, Darapuneni, Radhika Chowdary, Reddy, Sukurtha Gopal, Upendram, Pavani, Salt, Mohammad Nawaz, Kulkarni, Praveen, Sahu, Sambit, Bollineni, Bhaskar Rao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ACE2
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Child
Child, Preschool
Co-morbidity
COVID-19 - immunology
Cytokines - blood
Cytokines - immunology
Female
Humans
Immune response
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Inflammatory cytokines
Male
Middle Aged
PLpro etc
Retrospective Studies
Risk factor
SARS-CoV-2 - immunology
Toll like receptors
Toll-Like Receptors - immunology
Young Adult
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Summary:These diverse outcomes of Covid-19 are influenced by various factors including age, gender, underlying health conditions, immune responses, viral variants, external factors, and overall quality of life. Demographic analysis of patients aged 0-18 years experienced mild to moderate cases, above 55 years with co-morbidities, were more severely affected.COVID-19 incidence was higher in males (58 %) & (42 %) in females. The reduced expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR) in severe and critical patients is a crucial determinant. This reduced TLR expression is primarily attributed to the dominance of the PLpro viral protein of COVID-19. Disease enrichment analysis highlights the long-term impact of COVID-19, which can lead to post-recovery complications such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiac diseases, and brain ischemia in Covid-19 patients. In conclusion, a comprehensive strategy targeting key factors like PLpro, TLR, and inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and IL-6 could offer an effective approach to mitigate the devastating effects of COVID-19. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0732-8893
1879-0070
1879-0070
DOI:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116281